We used a rat reinstatement model to test the involvement of dopamine D1- and D2-like receptors in discrete cue-induced reinstatement of food seeking. At a dose that did not alter responding during food self-administration, the D1-like antagonist SCH-23390 blocked reinstatement of food seeking, while the D2-like antagonist eticlopride significantly increased reinstatement responding. Thus, these results establish opposing roles for D1- and D2-like receptors in discrete cue-induced relapse to food seeking.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbr.2011.03.064 | DOI Listing |
PLoS One
January 2025
Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America.
End-user feedback early in product development is important for optimizing multipurpose prevention technologies for HIV and pregnancy prevention. We evaluated the acceptability of the 90-day dapivirine levonorgestrel ring (DPV-LNG ring) used for 14 days compared to a dapivirine-only ring (DVR-200mg) in MTN-030/IPM 041 (n = 23), and when used for 90 days cyclically or continuously in MTN-044/IPM 053/CCN019 (n = 25). We enrolled healthy, non-pregnant, HIV-negative women aged 18-45 in Pittsburgh, PA and Birmingham, AL (MTN-030 only).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
Nutrition Department, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, 165 EL-Horreya Avenue, EL-Hadarah, Alexandria, 21561, Egypt.
The study aims to evaluate the levels of nitrosamine, a known carcinogenic compound, in processed meat products and to assess its dietary intake and margin of exposure among medical staff, including physicians, pharmacists, and nurses working night shifts at Alexandria University Hospitals. Additionally, the study seeks to evaluate the participants' knowledge of dietary sources and regulatory limits of carcinogens. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 420 participants.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSoil nutrients and meteorological conditions are pivotal environmental factors influencing plant growth and development. This study systematically analyzes how soil nutrients and meteorological factors influence the phenotypic growth and seed production of wild Elymus nutans in Tibet. These environmental factors are critical ecological determinants, and this research seeks to unveil the complex and diverse ecological adaptation mechanisms of the species.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Nutr
January 2025
Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China. Electronic address:
Selenium is widely acknowledged as an indispensable trace element for humans and various animals, including poultry. The addition of selenium in appropriate doses plays a crucial role in promoting poultry growth and reproduction. Conversely, both deficiency and excessive intake of selenium can pose significant threats to poultry health and production performance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAllergy
January 2025
Schroeder Allergy and Immunology Research Institute, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.
Allergic reactions to foods are primarily driven by allergen-binding immunoglobulin (Ig)E antibodies. IgE-expressing cells can be generated through direct switching from IgM to IgE or a sequential class switching pathway where activated B cells first switch to an intermediary isotype, most frequently IgG1, and then to IgE. It has been proposed that sequential class switch recombination is involved in augmenting the severity of allergic reactions, generating high affinity IgE, differentiation of IgE plasma cells, and in holding the memory of IgE responses.
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