Construction of cis-regulatory input functions of yeast promoters.

Promoters contain a large number of binding sites for transcriptional factors transmitting signals from a variety of cellular pathways. The promoter processes these input signals and sets the level of gene expression, the output of the gene. Here, we describe how to design genetic constructs and measure gene expression to deliver data suitable for quantitative analysis. Synthetic genetic constructs are well suited to precisely control and measure gene expression to construct cis-regulatory input functions. These functions can be used to predict gene expression based on signal intensities transmitted to activators and repressors in the gene regulatory region. Simple models of gene expression are presented for competitive and noncompetitive repressions. Complex phenomena, exemplified by synergistic silencing, are modeled by reaction-diffusion equations.