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A search-by-clusters model of visual search: fits to data from younger and older adults. | LitMetric

A search-by-clusters model of visual search: fits to data from younger and older adults.

J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci

Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244-2340, USA.

Published: July 2011

Objectives: This study aims to specify the processing operations underlying age-related differences in the speed and accuracy of visual search in a mathematical model.

Method: Eighteen older and 18 young adults searched for a predesignated target within 24-degree visual arrays containing distractors. Targets were systematically placed in regions that extended 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, and 10 degrees from center. Data were fitted to several versions of a mathematical model in which it was assumed that target search proceeds from the center fixation to peripheral areas in a succession of visual inspections of clusters until the target is located and that clusters can vary in size in response to search difficulty.

Results: Eccentricity effects on latencies and errors were larger for older adults than for younger adults, especially in the hardest search condition. The best-fitting version of the "search-by-clusters" model accounted for an average of 98.4% and 95.4% of the variance in the young and older adults, respectively. The resulting time, accuracy, and cluster parameters behaved plausibly in each of the 36 data sets.

Conclusions: A quantitative model that specified how individuals searched for targets in large arrays accurately predicted the search times and accuracies of younger and older adults.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3132265PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbr022DOI Listing

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