Objective: To study the long-term changes at donor sites and safety implications for donor eyes used for harvesting tissue for autologous and living-related donor limbal transplants.
Design: Retrospective, observational, consecutive case series.
Participants: We examined 50 donor sites of limbal tissue belonging to 25 healthy eyes (23 human subjects).
Methods: The corneas and limbus of donor eyes were assessed for symptoms and visual acuity and examined by slit-lamp biomicroscopy and in vivo confocal microscopy with particular emphasis on the donor sites and central cornea.
Main Outcome Measures: In the donor eyes, we assessed visual acuity, persistence of symptoms, stability of the corneal epithelium, and the clinical and microscopic changes that occurred at the donor sites.
Results: Mean follow-up was 41±38 months (median, 24; range, 3-127). All eyes had symptoms of ocular discomfort up to 4 weeks postoperatively and remained asymptomatic thereafter. No patient reported subjective reduction in visual acuity. Mean best-corrected visual acuity (logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution fraction) preoperatively was 0.076±0.19 and postoperatively was 0.09±0.17 (P = 0.57). All donor sites showed re-epithelialization of the peripheral denuded limbus within 2 weeks. Observed complications were filamentary keratitis and subconjunctival hemorrhage in 4 eyes. In vivo confocal microscopy confirmed that the central corneal epithelium remained normal in all eyes. The re-epithelialized donor site was covered with conjunctival epithelium in 17 sites of 10 eyes and with corneal epithelium in 7 sites of 5 eyes.
Conclusions: Limbal donation of 2 clock-hours of the superior and inferior limbus with 3×3 mm of adjacent conjunctiva was a safe procedure in this group of patients, demonstrating stable vision and an intact corneal epithelium during the follow up period. Donor sites can be re-epithelized by multiple layers of either corneal or conjunctival epithelium and is associated with deep stromal scarring.
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