A velocity map imaging/ion time-of-flight spectrometer designed specifically for pump-probe experiments combining synchrotron and laser radiations is described. The in-house built delay line detector can be used in two modes: the high spatial resolution mode and the coincidence mode. In the high spatial resolution mode a kinetic energy resolution of 6% has been achieved. The coincidence mode can be used to improve signal-to-noise ratio for the pump-probe experiments either by using a gate to count electrons only when the laser is present or by recording coincidences with the ion formed in the ionization process.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3563723 | DOI Listing |
Cyborg Bionic Syst
March 2025
Department of Ultrasound in Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China.
Type 2 diabetes is considered as a chronic inflammatory disease in which the dense microvasculature reorganizes with disease progression and is highly correlated with β cell mass and islet function. In this study, we constructed rat models of type 2 diabetes and used ultrasound localization microscopy (ULM) imaging to noninvasively map the pancreatic microvasculature at microscopy resolution in vivo to reflect β cell loss and islet function deterioration, and evaluate the efficacy after anti-cytokine immunotherapy. It was unveiled that ULM morphological and hemodynamic parameters have a strong link with β cell loss and deterioration of pancreatic islet function.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRSC Adv
March 2025
Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana Illinois 61801 USA
Jetting dynamics from bursting bubbles play a key role in mediating mass and momentum transport across the air-liquid interface, and have attracted widespread interest from researchers across disciplines. In marine environments, this phenomenon has drawn considerable attention due to its role in releasing biochemical contaminants, such as extracellular polymeric substances, into the atmosphere through aerosol production. These biocontaminants often exhibit non-Newtonian characteristics, yet the physics of bubble bursting with a rheologically complex layer at the bubble-liquid interface remains largely unexplored.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
March 2025
Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
The influence of quantum mechanics on the dynamics of chemical reactions is unknown for many processes in chemistry. Chemical reaction dynamics are often well described by quasiclassical motion of the atoms on quantum mechanical Born-Oppenheimer potential energy surfaces. Here we present a dynamic isotope effect in a nucleophilic substitution reaction experiment that can only be explained by quasiclassical trajectory simulations for reactants containing deuterium atoms, but not when hydrogen atoms are involved.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Neural Eng
March 2025
Rehabilitation Medicine, Emory University, 201 Dowman Dr, Atlanta, Georgia, 30322, UNITED STATES.
Decoding algorithms used in invasive brain-computer interfaces (iBCIs) typically convert neural activity into continuously varying velocity commands. We hypothesized that putting constraints on which decoded velocity commands are permissible could improve user performance. To test this hypothesis, we designed the discrete direction selection (DDS) decoder, which uses neural activity to select among a small menu of preset cursor velocities.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnnu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc
July 2024
Postural stimulus influences the cerebral autoregulation (CA), but it remains to be elucidated whether its impact is transient. Two nonlinear state space correspondence (SSC) methods, based on cross-predictability (CP) and cloud size ratio (CSR), were exploited to describe the CA from spontaneous variability of mean arterial pressure (MAP) and mean cerebral blood velocity (MCBv) during sustained postural challenge. We continuously recorded MAP and MCBv in 12 healthy subjects (age: 27 ± 8 yrs; 5 males) at rest in supine position and during head-up tilt (HUT) at 60° prolonged for 20 minutes after the onset of the orthostatic challenge.
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