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Kappa-opioid receptor blockade in the inferior colliculus of prey threatened by pit vipers decreases anxiety and panic-like behaviour.
Acta Neuropsychiatr
October 2024
Laboratory of Neuroanatomy & Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
The dorsal midbrain comprises dorsal columns of the periaqueductal grey matter and corpora quadrigemina. These structures are rich in beta-endorphinergic and leu-enkephalinergic neurons and receive GABAergic inputs from substantia nigra pars reticulata. Although the inferior colliculus (IC) is mainly involved in the acoustic pathways, the electrical and chemical stimulation of central and pericentral nuclei of the IC elicits a vigorous defensive behaviour.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEpigenetic regulation of beta-endorphin synthesis in hypothalamic arcuate nucleus neurons modulates neuropathic pain in a rodent pain model.
Nat Commun
November 2023
Department of Physiology and Neurobiology & Centre for Ion Channelopathy, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, PR China.
Although beta-endorphinergic neurons in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARC) synthesize beta-endorphin (β-EP) to alleviate nociceptive behaviors, the underlying regulatory mechanisms remain unknown. Here, we elucidated an epigenetic pathway driven by microRNA regulation of β-EP synthesis in ARC neurons to control neuropathic pain. In pain-injured rats miR-203a-3p was the most highly upregulated miRNA in the ARC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDifferential expression of μ-opioid receptors in the nucleus accumbens, amygdala and VTA depends on liking for alcohol, chronic alcohol intake and estradiol treatment.
Behav Brain Res
January 2020
Laboratorio de Farmacología y Conducta, Instituto de Neurociencias, CUCBA, Universidad de Guadalajara, Mexico. Electronic address:
Affectations of the opioid system have been related to exacerbated alcohol consumption. The objectives of this work were to assess whether a deficit of β-endorphinergic neurons differentially affects alcohol intake in female rats with low (LC) and high alcohol consumption (HC), and to determine changes in the μ-opioid receptors (MOR) related to alcohol consumption and chronic exposure to alcohol in structures of the mesolimbic system. Female wild-type rats were selected according to their baseline alcohol intake levels and then exposed to chronic voluntary alcohol consumption after a single injection of either the vehicle or estradiol valerate (EV) to produce a β-endorphin neuronal deficit.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPrenatal ethanol exposure and enkephalinergic neurotransmission.
Vitam Horm
March 2020
Laboratorio de Psicología Experimental, Instituto de Investigaciones Psicológicas (IIPsi - CONCET - UNC), Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina.
Endogenous opioids (enkephalins, endorphins and dynorphins) are small peptides that play a main role in pain perception and analgesia, as well as in alcohol (ethanol) reinforcement and reward. Alcohol reinforcement involves the ethanol-induced activation of the endogenous opioid system, a process that may augment the hedonic value and the reinforcing properties of the drug, which in turn increases substance consumption. Changes in opioidergic transmission may contribute to alcohol intoxication and to the neuroadaptive responses produced by the long-lasting exposure to ethanol.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFnNOS immunoreactivity co-localizes with GABAergic and cholinergic neurons, and associates with β-endorphinergic and met-enkephalinergic opioidergic fibers in rostral ventromedial medulla and A5 of the mouse.
Brain Res
November 2018
Department of Psychology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, United States.
The present study examined the co-expression of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) in the rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM) and A5 regions of the mouse brainstem within several neurochemical populations involved in nociceptive modulation. Double immunohistochemical methods showed that nNOS+ neurons do not co-localize with serotonergic neurons within any of these regions. Within the RVM, the nuclei raphe magnus and gigantocellularis contain a population of nNOS+/GAD67+ neurons, and within the paragigantocellularis lateralis, there is a smaller population of nNOS+/CHAT+ neurons.
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