Objectives: Kendo protective equipment is used without washing for a long time.Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Micrococcus luteus, andBacillus sphaericus are frequently isolated from the mask ('men' in Japanese) of kendo protective equipment during one year. To investigate the bactericidal effects of electrolyzed acidic water on these three bacteria, we observed their cellular structures by electron microscopy after treatment with such water.
Methods: Each bacterium isolated from 'men' was treated with electrolyzed acidic water and then observed under scanning and transmission electron microscopes.
Results: WhenS. saprophyticus was treated with electrolyzed acidic water and its cellular structures were observed under a transmission electron microscope, ghost cytoplasm was observed, in which no ribosomal granules or fibrous DNA structures were present, and the cell wall inner layer was detached from the outer layer. Under a scanning electron microscope, the structure of the cell wall surface layer was wrinkled, and round pores were partially formed, indicating that the cytoplasmic structures were flushed out of the cells treated with electrolyzed acidic water through the pores formed in the cell wall. InM. luteus, the destruction of ribosomal granules and that of DNA fibers were observed to be similar to those ofS. saprophyticus. ForB. sphaericus, the effect of electrolyzed acidic water was investigated using vegetative cells. A dissociation between the cytoplasm and cell wall wrinkled the cell surface layer.
Conclusion: On the basis of above findings, electrolyzed acidic water was found to destroy the cellular structures of the three bacterial species frequently isolated from kendo men within a short time. Electrolyzed acidic water may be useful for disinfecting of kendo equipment.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2723293 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02905280 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Undoped ruthenium oxide as a stable catalyst for the acidic oxygen evolution reaction.
Nat Commun
January 2025
WA School of Mines: Minerals, Energy and Chemical Engineering (WASM-MECE), Curtin University, Perth, WA, 6102, Australia.
Reducing green hydrogen production cost is critical for its widespread application. Proton-exchange-membrane water electrolyzers are among the most promising technologies, and significant research has been focused on developing more active, durable, and cost-effective catalysts to replace expensive iridium in the anode. Ruthenium oxide is a leading alternative while its stability is inadequate.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhase-Engineered Bi-RuO Single-Atom Alloy Oxide Boosting Oxygen Evolution Electrocatalysis in Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzer.
Adv Mater
January 2025
Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Energy Electrocatalytic Materials, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Energy Materials Service Safety, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, P. R. China.
Engineering nanomaterials at single-atomic sites can enable unprecedented catalytic properties for broad applications, yet it remains challenging to do so on RuO-based electrocatalysts for proton exchange membrane water electrolyzer (PEMWE). Herein, the rational design and construction of Bi-RuO single-atom alloy oxide (SAAO) are presented to boost acidic oxygen evolution reaction (OER), via phase engineering a novel hexagonal close packed (hcp) RuBi single-atom alloy. This Bi-RuO SAAO electrocatalyst exhibits a low overpotential of 192 mV and superb stability over 650 h at 10 mA cm, enabling a practical PEMWE that needs only 1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFElectron-Donating Zr Induces Suppressed Ru Over-Oxidation and Accelerated Deprotonation Process Toward Efficient and Durable Water Electrolysis.
Small
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China.
The scarcity of cost-effective and durable iridium-free anode electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) poses a significant challenge to the widespread application of the proton exchange membrane water electrolyzer (PEMWE). To address the electrochemical oxidation and dissolution issues of Ru-based electrocatalysts, an electron-donating modification strategy is developed to stabilize WRuO under harsh oxidative conditions. The optimized catalyst with a low Zirconium doping (Zr, 1 wt.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPolymeric Coatings with Electrolyzed Acidic Water: A Novel Approach to Extending Egg Shelf Life and Quality.
Polymers (Basel)
December 2024
Food Packaging and Shelf Life Research Group, Food Engineering Department, Universidad de Cartagena, Cartagena 130015, Colombia.
Electrolyzed acidic water (EAW) contains hypochlorous acid as its active compound, which is a potent antimicrobial. It was encapsulated in polymeric coatings and applied to the surface of eggs. The antimicrobial activity and the ability to extend the shelf life of eggs at ambient temperature for 45 days were evaluated, by physical, microbiological, and sensory analyses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEstablishing the Link Between Oxygen Vacancy and Activity Enhancement in Acidic Water Oxidation of Trigonal Iridium Oxide.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl
January 2025
Soochow University, FUNSOM, CHINA.
Developing durable IrO2-based electrocatalysts with high oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity under acidic condition is crucial for proton exchange membrane electrolyzers. While oxygen defects are considered potentially important in OER, their direct relationship with catalytic activity has yet to be established. In this study, we introduced abundant oxygen vacancies through Re doping in 2D IrO2 (Re0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!