Kinetic equations describing temporal evolution of the size distribution of crystalline nuclei of folded chain polyethylene on active centers are solved numerically. Basic characteristics of nucleation processes (the total number of supercritical nuclei and the size distribution of nuclei) are determined and compared with the experimental data. It is shown that even though the total number of supercritical nuclei coincides with the experimental data, the size distribution prediction fails. This is caused by the fact that the total number of nuclei (usually used in analysis of the experimental data), in contrast to the size distribution of nuclei, represents an integral quantity. Using the experimental data of the steady state size distribution of nuclei enables us to determine thermodynamic parameters (especially interfacial energies) of the studied system more precisely and consequently to correct kinetic parameters to get coincidence of kinetic model with the experimental data in both, the total number of supercritical nuclei and also the size distribution of nuclei.
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Forensic Sci Med Pathol
March 2025
School of Forensic Science, National Forensic Sciences University, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382007, India.
Gunshot residue (GSR) particles, generated during firearm discharge, disperse in the surrounding environment according to physical laws governing the motion of particles. This study analyzes GSR distribution from 9 × 19 mm ammunition along the trajectory with a fixed target. GSR particle count follows a bell-shaped distribution, influenced by velocity, temperature, and burn rate.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Biol Cell
March 2025
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607.
Specialized, maternally derived ribonucleoprotein (RNP) granules play an important role in specifying the primordial germ cells in many animal species. Typically, these germ granules are small (∼100 nm to a few microns in diameter) and numerous; in contrast, a single, extremely large granule called the oosome plays the role of germline determinant in the wasp The organizational basis underlying the form and function of this unusually large membraneless RNP granule remains an open question. Here we use a combination of super-resolution and transmission electron microscopy to investigate the composition and morphology of the oosome.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Biomater Appl
March 2025
Department of Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.
Colorectal cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Capecitabine is a chemotherapeutic agent commonly used for the treatment of colon cancer. To realize local sustained release, promote efficient local intracellular transport, and mitigate the systemic toxic effects of capecitabine, a capecitabine prodrug, capecitabine-poly (p-dioxanone) (Cap-PPDO), was successfully synthesized.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAging Dis
March 2025
Institute for Skeletal Aging & Orthopedic Surgery, Hallym University-Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon-si, 24252, Gangwon-do, Korea.
Age-related alterations in the skeletal system are linked to decreased bone mass, a reduction in bone strength and density, and an increased risk of fractures and osteoporosis. Therapeutics are desired to stimulate bone regeneration and restore imbalance in the bone remodeling process. Quercetin (Qu), a naturally occurring flavonoid, induces osteogenesis; however, its solubility, stability, and bioavailability limit its therapeutic use.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNanomaterials (Basel)
March 2025
Faculty of Physics, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Emb. 13B, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia.
The nucleation and growth of surface islands in the pre-coalescence stage has previously been studied by different methods, including the rate equation approach and kinetic Monte Carlo simulations. However, full understanding of island growth kinetics and the scaling properties of their size distributions is still lacking. Here, we investigate rate equations for the irreversible homogeneous growth of islands in the continuum limit, and derive a general island-size distribution whose shape is fully determined by the dynamics of the monomer concentration at a given size dependence of the capture coefficients.
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