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Why social norms may fail us when we need them most.
Curr Opin Psychol
December 2024
Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies, National Research Council of Italy, Rome, Italy; Institute for Futures Studies, Stockholm, Sweden; Institute for Analytical Sociology, Linkoping University, Sweden.
Where social norms are the 'glue' guiding behavior, people hardly think of their behavior as an act of norm compliance. They do consciously look for social norms in situations of environmental or social uncertainty, because i) norms provide behavioral cues that reduce uncertainty and ii) the uncertainty is partially induced by the lack or instability of social norms themselves-creating the (flawed) perception that social norms often fail us when we need them most. We discuss several state-of-the-art conceptualizations of social norms-abstract and specific norms, the social norms life cycle, and social norms in changing contexts-to highlight where and how uncertainty comes into play within each of these approaches, and consequently where the success of social norms might be hindered.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdvancements in microsurgery: A comprehensive systematic review of artificial intelligence applications.
J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg
November 2024
Department of Plastic Surgery, Frankston Hospital, Peninsula Health, 2 Hastings Road, Frankston 3199, Australia; Department of Surgery, Peninsula Clinical School, Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, Monash University, 2 Hastings Road, Frankston 3199, Australia.
Machine learning (ML) is a branch of artificial intelligence (AI) that enables computers to learn from data and discern patterns without direct instruction. This review explores cutting-edge developments in microsurgery through the lens of AI applications. By analyzing a wide range of studies, this paper highlights AI's transformative role in enhancing microsurgical techniques and decision-making processes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHealthcare Equity for Latinos: Political Inaction in Addressing Fundamental Flaws of the US Health System.
J Gen Intern Med
December 2024
School of Nursing and Health Studies, University of Miami, Miami, USA.
The development of the Compassion Satisfaction and Compassion Fatigue scale.
Front Public Health
December 2024
Traumatology Institute, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States.
Background: There is a high probability of compassion fatigue occurring in helping professionals who work with traumatized clients or patients. Several instruments exist for measuring compassion fatigue, but all of them have methodological flaws. The original Compassion Satisfaction/Fatigue Self-Test for Helpers is time-consuming and its psychometric properties, including factor structure, have not been supported in the research.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSelf-assessment and learning motivation in emergency point-of-care ultrasound: an online pilot investigation in German physicians.
BMC Emerg Med
December 2024
Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Introduction: Learning motivation is essential to obtain and maintain ultrasound competencies in emergency medicine. One's competencies herein and the need for ongoing training are best evaluated by self-assessment. This may be flawed by overconfidence effects - the belief to be better than others or better than tests reveal.
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