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Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php
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File: /var/www/html/index.php
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Filename: Session/Session.php
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File: /var/www/html/index.php
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Function: require_once
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Message: Undefined array key "choices"
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
Line Number: 249
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File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 249
Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
Line Number: 249
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 249
Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
Line Number: 249
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 249
Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
Line Number: 249
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 249
Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/index.php
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Function: require_once
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Filename: models/Detail_model.php
Line Number: 71
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/models/Detail_model.php
Line: 71
Function: strpos
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 252
Function: insertAPISummary
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Function: require_once
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Message: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated
Filename: helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line Number: 8919
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File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 8919
Function: str_replace
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 255
Function: formatAIDetailSummary
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
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Message: Undefined array key "choices"
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
Line Number: 256
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File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 256
Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
Line Number: 256
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File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 256
Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
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Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
Line Number: 256
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File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 256
Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/index.php
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Filename: controllers/Detail.php
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File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
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Function: _error_handler
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Filename: controllers/Detail.php
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File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 257
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Message: Undefined array key "usage"
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
Line Number: 258
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File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 258
Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/index.php
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Filename: controllers/Detail.php
Line Number: 258
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File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
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File: /var/www/html/index.php
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Function: require_once
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Filename: controllers/Detail.php
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Filename: controllers/Detail.php
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Filename: controllers/Detail.php
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Line: 260
Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/index.php
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Filename: controllers/Detail.php
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File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
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Function: require_once
This review covers progress in the development of cytometric methodologies designed to assess DNA replication and RNA synthesis. The early approaches utilizing autoradiography to detect incorporation of (3) H- or (14) C-labeled thymidine were able to identify the four fundamental phases of the cell cycle G(1) , S, G(2) , and M, and by analysis of the fraction of labeled mitosis (FLM), to precisely define the kinetics of cell progression through these phases. Analysis of (3) H-uridine incorporation and RNA content provided the means to distinguish quiescent G(0) from cycling G(1) cells. Subsequent progress in analysis of DNA replication was based on the use of BrdU as a DNA precursor and its detection by the quenching of the fluorescence intensity of DNA-bound fluorochromes such as Hoechst 33358 or acridine orange as measured by flow cytometry. Several variants of this methodology have been designed and used in studies to detect anticancer drug-induced perturbations of cell cycle kinetics. The next phase of method development, which was particularly useful in studies of the cell cycle in vivo, including clinical applications, relied on immunocytochemical detection of incorporated halogenated DNA or RNA precursors. This approach however was hampered by the need for DNA denaturation, which made it difficult to concurrently detect other cell constituents for multiparametric analysis. The recently introduced "click chemistry" approach has no such limitation and is the method of choice for analysis of DNA replication and RNA synthesis. This method is based on the use of 5-ethynyl-2'deoxyuridine (EdU) as a DNA precursor or 5-ethynyluridine (EU) as an RNA precursor and their detection with fluorochrome-tagged azides utilizing a copper (I) catalyzed [3+2] cycloaddition. Several examples are presented that illustrate incorporation of EdU or EU in cells subjected to DNA damage detected as histone H2AX phosphorylation that have been analyzed by flow or laser scanning cytometry.
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3238687 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cyto.a.21048 | DOI Listing |
BMC Genomics
December 2024
Engineering Research Center of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, No. 2888 Xincheng Street, Changchun , Jilin Province, 130118, China.
Background: Hericium coralloides is a traditional edible and medicinal mushroom. Light is a key factor in forming fruiting bodies of fungi; however, the effects of different light on the yield and morphogenesis of H. coralloides are still unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Clin Invest
December 2024
Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Trento, Italy.
PARP inhibitors (PARPi) have received regulatory approval for the treatment of several tumors, including prostate cancer (PCa), and demonstrate remarkable results in the treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) patients characterized by defects in homologous recombination repair (HRR) genes. Preclinical studies showed that DNA repair genes (DRG) other than HRR genes may have therapeutic value in the context of PARPi. To this end, we performed multiple CRISPR/Cas9 screens in PCa cell lines using a custom sgRNA library targeting DRG combined with PARPi treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Microbiol
December 2024
Department of Food Science and Technology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.
Advances in bacteriophage genome sequencing and regulatory approvals of some bacteriophages in various applications have renewed interest in these antibacterial viruses as a potential solution to persistent food safety challenges. Here, we analyzed in depth the genome of the previously studied bacteriophage OSYSP (phage OSYSP), revealed its application-related characteristics, and optimized its enumeration techniques for facilitating industrial implementation. We previously sequenced phage OSYSP genome completely by combining results from Illumina Miseq and Ion Torrent sequencing platforms and completing the remaining sequence gaps using PCR.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Biotechnol
December 2024
School of Public Health, North China University of Science of Technology, Tangshan, 062310, Hebei, China.
Hepatitis B is a viral infection of the liver caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV). Entecavir (ETV) is considered the primary therapeutic option for HBV treatment, primarily functioning by inhibiting HBV replication. Ubiquitin-specific peptidase 7 (USP7), a deubiquitinating enzyme, plays a crucial role in regulating DNA repair mechanisms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Mol Evol
December 2024
Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
The time of integration of germline-targeting Long Terminal Repeat (LTR) retroposons, such as endogenous retroviruses (ERVs), can be estimated by assessing the nucleotide divergence between the LTR sequences flanking the viral genes. Due to the viral replication mechanism, both LTRs are identical at the moment of integration, when the provirus becomes part of the host genome. After that time, proviral sequences evolve within the host DNA.
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