The influenza A virus genome consists of eight RNA segments that associate with the viral polymerase proteins (PB1, PB2, and PA) and nucleoprotein (NP) to form ribonucleoprotein complexes (RNPs). The viral NS1 protein was previously shown to associate with these complexes, although it was not clear which RNP component mediated the interaction. Using individual TAP (tandem affinity purification)-tagged PB1, PB2, PA, and NP, we demonstrated that the NS1 protein interacts specifically with NP and not the polymerase subunits. The region of NS1 that binds NP was mapped to the RNA-binding domain.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JVI.02562-10 | DOI Listing |
J Virol
January 2025
Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is an important causative agent of respiratory tract disease. Fundamental knowledge of the interaction between HMPV and the innate immune system could lead to the design of novel antiviral therapies. Previously, we demonstrated that HMPV M2-2 deletion mutants had hypermutated genomes and contained defective interfering particles (DIs), which are potent inducers of the IFN response.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDengue virus (DENV) remains a significant public health threat in tropical and subtropical regions, with effective antiviral treatments and vaccines still not fully established despite extensive research. A critical aspect of vaccine development for DENV involves selecting proteins from both structural and non-structural regions of the virus to activate humoral and cellular immune responses effectively. In this study, we developed a novel vaccine for dengue virus serotype 2 (DENV2) using a heterologous Prime-Boost strategy that combines an adenoviral vector (Ad) with subunit vaccines.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell Rep
January 2025
Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA. Electronic address:
The influenza A virus nuclear export protein (NEP) is a multifunctional protein that is essential for the viral life cycle and has very high sequence conservation. However, since the open reading frame of NEP largely overlaps with that of another influenza viral protein, non-structural protein 1, it is difficult to infer the functional constraints of NEP based on sequence conservation analysis. In addition, the N-terminal of NEP is structurally disordered, which further complicates the understanding of its function.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Infect Dis
January 2025
Department of Dermatology, Civil Service Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Introduction: Dengue viruses cause either symptomatic infections or asymptomatic seroconversion. Symptomatic dengue has a wide clinical spectrum ranging from self-limiting infection to severe manifestations, mostly characterized by plasma leakage with or without hemorrhage. World Health Organization classification in 2009 classified dengue into dengue without warning signs, dengue with warning signs, and severe dengue.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNPJ Vaccines
January 2025
School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
Cyclic peptides are often used as scaffolds for the multivalent presentation of drug molecules due to their structural stability and constrained conformation. We identified a cyclic deca-peptide incorporating lipoamino acids for delivering T helper and B cell epitopes against group A Streptococcus (GAS), eliciting robust humoral immune responses. In this study, we assessed the function-immunogenicity relationship of the multi-component vaccine candidate (referred to as VC-13) to elucidate a mechanism of action.
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