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Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is an autoimmune chronic cholestatic disease of the liver that symptomatically can present with pruritus and fatigue. Its established first- and second-line therapies are ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) and obeticholic acid (OCA) although they provide limited symptom management. Liver transplantation offers a potentially curative therapeutic option in refractory cases progressing to cirrhosis.

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Background: Recent studies provide strong evidence for a key role of skeletal muscle pathophysiology in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS). In a 2021 review article on the pathophysiology of ME/CFS, we postulated that hypoperfusion and ischemia can result in excessive sodium and calcium overload in skeletal muscles of ME/CFS patients to cause mitochondrial damage. Since then, experimental evidence has been provided that supports this concept.

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Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease marked by chronic inflammation and tissue damage that impacts multiple organ systems and diminishes the quality of life. Among the frequent comorbidities in SLE, thyroid dysfunction, including hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism, stands out due to its high prevalence and common autoimmune basis. This review examines the epidemiological, genetic, and immunological factors that link SLE with autoimmune thyroid diseases such as Hashimoto's thyroiditis and Graves' disease.

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What are the potential mechanisms of fatigue-induced skeletal muscle hypertrophy with low-load resistance exercise training?

Am J Physiol Cell Physiol

December 2024

Muscle Health Research Centre, School of Kinesiology & Health Science, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada.

High-load resistance exercise (>60% of 1-repetition maximum) is a well-known stimulus to enhance skeletal muscle hypertrophy with chronic training. However, studies have intriguingly shown that low-load resistance exercise training (RET) (≤60% of 1-repetition maximum) can lead to similar increases in skeletal muscle hypertrophy as compared to high-load RET. This has raised questions about the underlying mechanisms for eliciting the hypertrophic response with low-load RET.

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Background: The study evaluated the relationship between balance function and skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI), physical function, and fatigue in children with chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Methods: A cross-sectional study of 83 children with CKD (stages 1-4, dialysis, transplant) and 71 healthy controls was conducted. Functional performance tests, including gait speed, 6-min walk distance (6MWD), five-repetition sit-to-stand (5RST), and timed up-and-go (TUG) tests, were administered.

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