Background And Objectives: We compared the decline of RRF in patients starting dialysis on APD with those starting on CAPD, because a faster decline on APD has been suggested.
Design, Setting, Participants, & Measurements: NECOSAD patients starting dialysis on APD or CAPD with RRF at baseline were included and followed for 3 years. Residual GFR (rGFR) was the mean of urea and creatinine clearances. Differences in yearly decline of rGFR were estimated in analyses with linear repeated measures models, whereas the risk of complete loss of RRF was estimated by calculating hazard ratios (HRs) for APD compared with CAPD. As-treated (AT) and intention-to-treat (ITT) designs were used. All of the analyses were adjusted for age, gender, comorbidity, and primary kidney disease and stratified according to follow-up and mean baseline GFR.
Results: The 505 CAPD and 78 APD patients had no major baseline differences. No differences were found in the analyses on yearly decline of rGFR. APD patients did have a higher risk of losing RRF in the first year (ITT crude HR 2.43 [confidence interval 95%, 1.48 to 4.00], adjusted 2.66 [1.60 to 4.44]; AT crude 1.89 [1.04 to 3.45], adjusted 2.15 [1.16 to 3.98]). The higher risk of losing all RRF was most pronounced in patients with the highest rGFR at baseline (ITT; crude 3.91 [1.54 to 9.94], adjusted 1.85 to 14.17).
Conclusions: The risk of losing RRF is higher for patients starting dialysis on APD compared with those starting on CAPD, especially in the first year.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.2215/CJN.00470110 | DOI Listing |
JAMA Neurol
December 2024
Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Importance: Gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, and eclampsia are established risk factors for stroke and dementia later in life. Whether these pregnancy complications are associated with an increased risk of new-onset neurological disorders within months to years after giving birth is not known.
Objective: To explore whether gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, and eclampsia are associated with new-onset migraine, headache, epilepsy, sleep disorder, or mental fatigue within months to years after giving birth.
J Orofac Orthop
December 2024
Department of Orthodontics, Saarland University, 66424, Homburg/Saar, Germany.
Background And Aim: Treatment effects of a combined rapid maxillary expansion (RME) and Delaire facemask (DFM) therapy have so far only been scientifically investigated through cephalometric analyses. The combination of cephalometric, dental cast and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan analysis was not yet used for investigating morphologic changes of the tooth-bearing palate. The aim of the present study was to determine whether patient age at treatment begin has an influence upon palatal length changes after RME/DFM therapy, and to what extent transverse palatal sutures contribute to these.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Ther
December 2024
Professor Emeritus, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
Introduction: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive, fibrotic interstitial pneumonia, which is characterised by progressive worsening of dyspnoea and lung function. Nintedanib treatment is recommended to slow IPF disease progression. The aim of this post-marketing surveillance (PMS) study was to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of nintedanib over 24 months in patients with IPF in a real-world setting in Japan.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRheumatology (Oxford)
December 2024
AP-HP, Université Paris Saclay, department of internal medicine and clinical immunology, Bicêtre Hospital, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France.
Objective: To describe presentation, treatment and outcome of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) associated-vasculitis in cancer patients in a multicentre study.
Methods: Thanks to the ImmunoCancer International Registry (ICIR), a multidisciplinary network focused on the research of the immune related adverse events related to cancer immunotherapies, patients presenting with a clinical and/or radiological suspicion of vasculitis, and histological evidence of vasculitis after being exposed to ICIs were retrospectively identified.
Results: Twenty eight cases were identified in the ICIR registry.
Antimicrob Agents Chemother
December 2024
Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Ethambutol is used to treat tuberculosis (TB) in individuals living with HIV. Low concentrations of ethambutol have been reported in patients dosed with the World Health Organization (WHO)-recommended first-line regimen. We analyzed the pharmacokinetics of ethambutol in 61 HIV-positive individuals diagnosed with drug-sensitive TB enrolled in the tuberculosis and highly active antiretroviral therapy (TB-HAART) study.
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