Type III secretion systems (T3SSs) are essential virulence factors used by many Gram-negative bacteria to inject proteins that make eukaryotic host cells accessible to invasion. The T3SS core structure, the needle complex (NC), is a ~3.5 megadalton-sized, oligomeric, membrane-embedded complex. Analyzing cryo-electron microscopy images of top views of NCs or NC substructures from Salmonella typhimurium revealed a 24-fold symmetry for the inner rings and a 15-fold symmetry for the outer rings, giving an overall C3 symmetry. Local refinement and averaging showed the organization of the central core and allowed us to reconstruct a subnanometer composite structure of the NC, which together with confident docking of atomic structures reveal insights into its overall organization and structural requirements during assembly.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1199358 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
From Diagnosis to Emergency: Mediastinal Abscess After Endobronchial Ultrasound-Guided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration in a Patient With Sarcoidosis.
Cureus
December 2024
Internal Medicine, Unidade Local de Saúde do Oeste - Hospital Distrital de Caldas da Rainha, Caldas da Rainha, PRT.
Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous disease of unknown etiology, primarily affecting the lungs and the lymphatic system. Its diagnosis is challenging, and in many cases, it requires histopathological confirmation through the identification of non-caseating granulomas. The presented case illustrates its diagnostic complexity and highlights a rare, delayed complication associated with endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLipomas, one of the most common benign tumors, rarely occur in the anterior neck, often misdiagnosed as thyroid masses. This case highlights the diagnostic challenge posed by such lesions. A 58-year-old male presented with a painless slowly progressive anterior neck swelling initially mistaken for a thyroid mass.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDesign and Testing of MEMS Component for Electromagnetic Pulse Protection.
Sensors (Basel)
January 2025
School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
With the demand for high-safety, high-integration, and lightweight micro- and nano-electronic components, an MEMS electromagnetic energy-releasing component was innovatively designed based on the corona discharge theory. The device subverted the traditional device-level protection method for electromagnetic energy, realizing the innovation of adding a complex circuit system to the integrated chip through micro-nanometer processing technology and enhancing the chip's size from the centimeter level to the micron level. In this paper, the working performance of the MEMS electromagnetic energy-releasing component was verified through a combination of a simulation, a static experiment, and a dynamic test, and a characterization test of the tested MEMS electromagnetic energy-releasing component was carried out to thoroughly analyze the effect of the MEMS electromagnetic energy-releasing component.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMulti-Band Scattering Characteristics of Miniature Masson Pine Canopy Based on Microwave Anechoic Chamber Measurement.
Sensors (Basel)
December 2024
Laboratory of Target Microwave Properties, Deqing Academy of Satellite Applications, Deqing 313200, China.
Using microwave remote sensing to invert forest parameters requires clear canopy scattering characteristics, which can be intuitively investigated through scattering measurements. However, there are very few ground-based measurements on forest branches, needles, and canopies. In this study, a quantitative analysis of the canopy branches, needles, and ground contribution of Masson pine scenes in C-, X-, and Ku-bands was conducted based on a microwave anechoic chamber measurement platform.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArtificial Intelligence-Driven Modeling for Hydrogel Three-Dimensional Printing: Computational and Experimental Cases of Study.
Polymers (Basel)
January 2025
Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain.
Determining the values of various properties for new bio-inks for 3D printing is a very important task in the design of new materials. For this purpose, a large number of experimental works have been consulted, and a database with more than 1200 bioprinting tests has been created. These tests cover different combinations of conditions in terms of print pressure, temperature, and needle values, for example.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!