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Deconstructing Temporal Stages of Prosocial and Antisocial Risky Decision-making in Adolescence.
J Cogn Neurosci
January 2025
Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
Risk-taking is a prominent aspect of adolescent behavior. A recent neurodevelopmental model suggests that this trait could influence prosocial and antisocial decision-making, proposing a new category known as prosocial and antisocial risk-taking. The primary objective of this study was to examine the electrophysiological underpinnings of prosocial and antisocial risk-taking in adolescence, a developmental period characterized by elevated risky, prosocial, and antisocial decisions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenetic Analysis of Retinal Cell Types in Neuropsychiatric Disorders.
JAMA Psychiatry
January 2025
Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany.
Importance: As an accessible part of the central nervous system, the retina provides a unique window to study pathophysiological mechanisms of brain disorders in humans. Imaging and electrophysiological studies have revealed retinal alterations across several neuropsychiatric and neurological disorders, but it remains largely unclear which specific cell types and biological mechanisms are involved.
Objective: To determine whether specific retinal cell types are affected by genomic risk for neuropsychiatric and neurological disorders and to explore the mechanisms through which genomic risk converges in these cell types.
Estrogen-regulated lateral septal kisspeptin neurons abundantly project to GnRH neurons and the hypothalamic supramammillary nucleus.
J Neurosci
January 2025
Laboratory of Reproductive Neurobiology, Hun-Ren Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, 1083 Hungary;
While hypothalamic kisspeptin (KP) neurons play well-established roles in the estrogen-dependent regulation of reproduction, little is known about extrahypothalamic KP-producing (KP) neurons of the lateral septum. As established previously, expression in this region is low and regulated by estrogen receptor- and GABA receptor-dependent mechanisms. Our present experiments on knock-in mice revealed that transgene expression in the LS begins at P33-36 in females and P40-45 in males and is stimulated by estrogen receptor signaling.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDevelopmental dysfunction in a preclinical model of Kcnq2 developmental and epileptic encephalopathy.
Neurobiol Dis
December 2024
The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia. Electronic address:
Background: Developmental and epileptic encephalopathies (DEE) are rare but severe neurodevelopmental disorders characterised by early-onset seizures often combined with developmental delay, behavioural and cognitive deficits. Treatment for DEEs is currently limited to seizure control and provides no benefits to the patients' developmental and cognitive outcomes. Genetic variants are the most common cause of DEE with KCNQ2 being one of the most frequently identified disease-causing genes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFunctional and Structural Improvement of Engineered Cardiac Microtissue Using Aligned Microfilaments Scaffold.
ACS Biomater Sci Eng
January 2025
Department of Cell Engineering, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran 16635-148, Iran.
To enhance therapeutic strategies for cardiovascular diseases, the development of more reliable in vitro preclinical systems is imperative. These models, crucial for disease modeling and drug testing, must accurately replicate the 3D architecture of native heart tissue. In this study, we engineered a scaffold with aligned poly(lactic--glycolic acid) (PLGA) microfilaments to induce cellular alignment in the engineered cardiac microtissue (ECMT).
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