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Protektem pikinini blong yu trial: protocol for a single arm field trial to assess the effectiveness of treating-all pregnant women with hepatitis B infection with tenofovir prophylaxis to prevent mother-to-child transmission in Vanuatu, 2024-2025.
BMC Public Health
December 2024
Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia.
Background: Hepatitis B infection is a major public health concern in Vanuatu, with approximately 9% of the general population estimated to be living with chronic hepatitis B. Most new infections are due to mother-to-child transmission (MTCT). Hepatitis B vaccination is available in Vanuatu, but coverage rates for first dose within 24 h of birth and third dose are suboptimal.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSerological Profiles of Hepatitis B Virus in Patients With Crohn's Disease Undergoing Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNFα) Therapy at Ibn Sina University Hospital, Rabat.
Cureus
November 2024
Central Laboratory of Virology, Ibn Sina University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat, MAR.
Introduction Anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) therapies have revolutionized the management of Crohn's disease (CD). However, they increase the risk of viral reactivation, particularly hepatitis B virus (HBV). This study aims to define the HBV serological profiles of patients with CD who are candidates for biological therapy, identifying profiles at potential risk for reactivation or exacerbation following immunosuppressive treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffective Antiviral Therapy Improves Immunosuppressive Activities in the Immune Microenvironment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Alleviating Inflammation and Fibrosis.
Cancer Med
December 2024
Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Background And Aims: The immune microenvironment (IME) plays a crucial role in the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In HCC, the IME is often compromised by hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, chronic inflammation, and fibrosis. Both antiviral therapy (AVT) and the alleviation of inflammation and fibrosis (AIF) have been shown to improve prognosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF[Exploring the reasons for liver cancer occurrence still after long-term nucleos(t)ide analogue therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B].
Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi
November 2024
Department of Microbiology & Infectious Disease Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing100191, China Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Hepatology Institute, Beijing100044, China.
Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is the main etiology of viral hepatitis, cirrhosis, and primary hepatocellular carcinoma and is also a major public health problem worldwide. With the progression of chronic infection, HBV DNA continuously integrates into host DNA and brings about integration and insertion mutations within host genes. In the process of repeated chronic inflammatory necrosis and compensatory regeneration, hepatocytes carrying HBV DNA integration have an advantage in proliferation and frequent clonal expansion formation that causes the accumulation of mutations over time and ultimately malignant transformation of hepatocytes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF[Comparative therapeutic efficacy of tenofovir amibufenamide versus tenofovir alafenamide in the treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis B: a real-world single- center study].
Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi
November 2024
Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou450052, China.
To compare the real-world efficacy and safety profile of tenofovir amibufenamid (TMF) and tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) tablets in the treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). This retrospective study included patients with chronic hepatitis B who received TMF and TAF antiviral treatment at the Infectious Disease Outpatient Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2021 to December 2023. The primary and secondary outcome was to study the patient HBV DNA conversion rate (<20 IU/ml), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) normalization rate, renal function, and lipid levels of patients at 48 weeks of treatment.
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