The hypothalamic arcuate nucleus is a complex structure containing both orexigenic and anorexigenic neurons, coordinately regulated by leptin and energy state. In their recent Nature Neuroscience study, Aponte et al. (2011) use optogenetic technology to provide a glimpse into the consequences of exclusive activation of either NPY/AgRP or POMC neurons.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2011.02.007 | DOI Listing |
ACS Nano
January 2025
Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
We have found that surface superstructures made of "monolayer alloys" of Tl and Pb on Si(111), having giant Rashba effect, produce nonreciprocal spin-polarized photocurrent via circular photogalvanic effect (CPGE) by obliquely shining circularly polarized near-infrared (IR) light. CPGE is here caused by the injection of in-plane spin into spin-split surface-state bands, which is observed only on Tl-Pb alloy layers but not on single-element Tl nor Pb layers. In the Tl-Pb monolayer alloys, despite their monatomic thickness, the magnitude of CPGE is comparable to or even larger than the cases of many other spin-split thin-film materials.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell Genom
January 2025
Curriculum in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA. Electronic address:
Osteoarthritis (OA) poses a significant healthcare burden with limited treatment options. While genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified over 100 OA-associated loci, translating these findings into therapeutic targets remains challenging. To address this gap, we mapped gene expression, chromatin accessibility, and 3D chromatin structure in primary human articular chondrocytes in both resting and OA-mimicking conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAntibiotics (Basel)
December 2024
School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-0905, USA.
Spectrophotometry is widely used in biological sciences. In bacteriology, spectrophotometric monitoring of cell numbers during cultivation provides a rapid assessment of growth. Unfortunately, familiarity with this technique has led scientists to become complacent in its usage.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBr Poult Sci
January 2025
Animal Ask, UK.
Theranostics
January 2025
Department of Neurology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.
Depression is a prevalent public health issue, characterized by persistent low mood, impaired concentration, and diminished motivation. Photobiomodulation (PBM), which involves the application of red or near-infrared light, modulates physiological processes by enhancing cerebral blood flow, reducing inflammation, inhibiting apoptosis, and promoting neurogenesis. PBM can be administered transcranially or through systemic approaches, offering a potentially effective intervention for depression.
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