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State-of-the-Art Review: Evaluation and Management of Delusional Infestation.
Clin Infect Dis
August 2024
Tufts University School of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Delusional infestation is a condition encountered frequently by healthcare professionals across a variety of specialties in which patients have a fixed, false belief that they are infested with living creatures, such as bugs, parasites, worms, or mites, or nonliving objects, such as fibers. Delusional infestation can be debilitating for patients, who not only present with intense psychological distress and physical discomfort but are also at risk of developing numerous dermatological and psychiatric complications. This condition poses unique diagnostic challenges, as these symptoms can occur secondary to many metabolic or infectious causes, as well as unique treatment challenges, with patients frequently refusing psychiatric care and consequently seeking evaluation by other healthcare professionals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe importance of host physical niches for the stability of gut microbiome composition.
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci
May 2024
Department of Biosphere Sciences and Engineering, Carnegie Institution for Science, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
Gut bacteria are prevalent throughout the Metazoa and form complex microbial communities associated with food breakdown, nutrient provision and disease prevention. How hosts acquire and maintain a consistent bacterial flora remains mysterious even in the best-studied animals, including humans, mice, fishes, squid, bugs, worms and flies. This essay visits the evidence that hosts have co-evolved relationships with specific bacteria and that some of these relationships are supported by specialized physical niches that select, sequester and maintain microbial symbionts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEdible insects and legumes exert an antioxidant effect on human colon mucosal cells stressed with 2,2'-azobis (2-amidinopropane)-dihydrochloride.
Front Nutr
July 2023
Department of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy.
Introduction: Edible insects have been recognized as a more sustainable source of nutrients and bio-active compounds than animal-based products, in line with classical vegetable sources such as legumes. In this study, we assessed the antioxidant properties of four edible insects (silkworms, grasshoppers, mealworms and giant worms) and four legume seeds (lentils, chickpeas, peas and grass peas).
Methods: After the aqueous extraction or simulated digestion process, selected products were assessed for: (i) antioxidant capacity through Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) assay; (ii) the ability to reduce free radicals production induced by a pro-oxidant agent in cells of human colonic mucosa.
Worms and bugs of the gut: the search for diagnostic signatures using barcoding, and metagenomics-metabolomics.
Parasit Vectors
April 2022
Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0ES, UK.
Gastrointestinal (GI) helminth infections cause significant morbidity in both humans and animals worldwide. Specific and sensitive diagnosis is central to the surveillance of such infections and to determine the effectiveness of treatment strategies used to control them. In this article, we: (i) assess the strengths and limitations of existing methods applied to the diagnosis of GI helminth infections of humans and livestock; (ii) examine high-throughput sequencing approaches, such as targeted molecular barcoding and shotgun sequencing, as tools to define the taxonomic composition of helminth infections; and (iii) discuss the current understanding of the interactions between helminths and microbiota in the host gut.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeglected Parasitic Infections: What Family Physicians Need to Know-A CDC Update.
Am Fam Physician
September 2021
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Chagas disease, cysticercosis, and toxoplasmosis affect millions of people in the United States and are considered neglected parasitic diseases. Few resources are devoted to their surveillance, prevention, and treatment. Chagas disease, transmitted by kissing bugs, primarily affects people who have lived in Mexico, Central America, and South America, and it can cause heart disease and death if not treated.
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