Molecular Biology Section, Regional Laboratory of Presidente Prudente, Adolfo Lutz Institute, Presidente Prudente, SP.
Published: September 2011
AI Article Synopsis
Article Abstract
Introduction: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of vertical HIV-1 transmission in the western region of the State of São Paulo, Brazil.
Methods: The study analyzed the medical records of HIV-1-infected mothers and infant pairs living in the municipalities of São Paulo Regional Health Departments DRS II (Araçatuba) and DRS XI (Presidente Prudente). From March 2001 to March 2006, blood samples were collected and referred to the Molecular Biology Unit of the Adolfo Lutz Institute (ALI), Presidente Prudente. HIV-1-RNA viral load was determined by bDNA assay.
Results: The number of births (109/217, 50.2%) and vertical HIV-1 transmissions (6/109, 5.5%) that occurred in DRS II was similar to births (108/217, 49.8%) and vertical transmissions (7/108, 6.5%) in DRS XI (p > 0.05). Although 80% (4/5) of the infected children were male in DRS II, while in DRS XI, 75% (6/8) were female, no differences between sex regarding infected and noninfected children in the regions of Araçatuba and Presidente Prudente were verified. The overall vertical HIV-1 transmission rate was 6%. No consistent reduction in the prevalence of vertical HIV-1 transmission occurred over the years. About 20% of mothers did not know the HIV-1 status of their newborns eight months after delivery.
Conclusions: In the present study, MTCT prevalence rates were about 70% higher than those previously determined in the State of São Paulo, with noreduction throughout the period.Furthermore, a significant number of mothers did not know the HIV-status of their newborns eight months after delivery.
Primary liver cancers, like HCC, ICC, and cHCC-CCA, are major causes of cancer-related deaths, and distinguishing between these types can be challenging due to their similar features.
This study analyzed 140 patients who had liver tumor resections, reclassifying tumors and comparing the clinicopathological characteristics and survival rates of HCC, ICC, and cHCC-CCA.
The results showed that most patients had HCC, with worse overall survival and disease-free survival for ICC and cHCC-CCA, highlighting the need for careful evaluation to identify cholangiolar components, which signal a poorer prognosis.
Background: The frequency of antibodies in autoimmune encephalitis (AIE) may vary in different populations, however, data from developing countries are lacking. To describe the clinical profile of AIE in Brazil, and to evaluate seasonality and predictors of AIE in adult and pediatric patients.
Methods: We evaluated patients with possible AIE from 17 centers of the Brazilian Autoimmune Encephalitis Network (BrAIN) between 2018 and 2022.
