Frequency and type of epidermal growth factor receptor mutations in African Americans with non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) predict response to tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Mutations occur more commonly in never smokers and East Asians, but there are conflicting reports on the frequency of EGFR mutations in tumors from African Americans.

Methods: Tumors from 67 African American and 77 white participants in previous case-control studies of lung cancer were selected to determine EGFR mutational status. Mutation analysis was performed using the Sequenom mass array analyzer (Sequenom, San Diego, CA).

Results: Overall, 13.9% of the study population carried an EGFR mutation. EGFR mutations occurred in 11.9% of tumors from African Americans compared with 15.6% in whites (p = 0.53). All mutations found in African Americans were deletions in exon 19. The majority of mutations were found in nonsmokers among both African Americans (7/8) and whites (8/12).

Conclusion: These results indicate that African Americans with NSCLC harbor somatic EGFR mutations at a frequency similar to whites with NSCLC. Thus, clinicians should not use race as a clinical decision parameter for the use of EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors.