AI Article Synopsis
- Primary prevention of acute rheumatic fever involves treating group A streptococcal infections with antibiotics.
- A study compared oral amoxicillin to intramuscular benzathine penicillin G (IM BPG) in children aged 2 to 12 in urban clinics in Egypt and Croatia to determine if amoxicillin is as effective.
- Results showed that in Croatia, both treatments had similar success rates, while in Egypt, amoxicillin was less effective in the initial analysis but comparable in a more refined analysis; thus, for better compliance, a single dose of IM BPG might be the better treatment option.
Article Abstract
Background: Primary prevention of acute rheumatic fever is achieved by proper antibiotic treatment of group A β -hemolytic streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis.
Methods: To assess noninferiority of oral amoxicillin to intramuscular benzathine penicillin G (IM BPG). Children (2 to 12 years) meeting enrollment criteria were randomized 1:1 to receive antibiotic treatment in 2 urban outpatient clinics in Egypt and Croatia.
Results: A total of 558 children (Croatia = 166, Egypt = 392) were randomized, with 368 evaluable in an intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis, and 272 evaluable in the per protocol (PP) analysis. In Croatia, ITT and PP treatment success rates were comparable for IM BPG and amoxicillin (2.5% difference vs 1.1% difference, respectively). In Egypt, amoxicillin was not comparable with IM BPG in ITT analysis (15.1% difference), but was comparable in PP analysis (-9.3% difference).
Conclusion: If compliance is a major issue, a single dose of IM BPG may be preferable for treatment of GAS pharyngitis.
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Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6089546 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0009922810394838 | DOI Listing |
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