Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is a protein of the innate immune system hypothesized to mediate some of the effects of a high-fat diet on inflammation and insulin resistance. As both these factors are associated with the metabolic syndrome (MetS), genetic variation in TLR4 may affect the relationship between dietary lipids and MetS. The objective of the study was to determine whether 2 polymorphisms in TLR4 (rs4986790 Asp299Gly and rs5030728 G>A) modify the relationship between dietary fat and markers of the MetS. Participants were healthy young men and women of various ethnocultural backgrounds. Dietary intake was estimated using a 1-month semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire, and fasting blood samples were taken for genotyping and biomarker measurement. The Asp299Gly polymorphism in TLR4 was associated with increased insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (P < .05), and homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function (P < .05) and family history of diabetes (P = .0002). The intronic polymorphism rs5030728 modified the relationship between dietary saturated fatty acids (SFAs) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (P = .003 for interaction). The SFA intake was inversely associated with HDL cholesterol among individuals homozygous for the G allele (β = -0.015 ± 0.007 mmol/L, P = .04), whereas a positive relationship was observed for heterozygotes (β = 0.025 ± 0.01 mmol/L, P = .02). There was no association between dietary SFAs and HDL cholesterol among individuals homozygous for the A allele. These observations suggest that both diet and innate immunity may interact to influence components of the MetS.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2010.12.006 | DOI Listing |
Int J Surg
January 2025
Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, SAR.
Background: Understanding based on up-to-date data on the burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is limited, especially regarding how subtypes contribute to the overall NCD burden and the attributable risk factors across locations and subtypes. We aimed to report the global, regional, and national burden of NCDs, subtypes, and attributable risk factors in 2021, and trends from 1990 to 2021 by age, sex, and socio-demographic index (SDI).
Materials And Methods: We used data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 to estimate the prevalence, deaths, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for NCDs and subtypes, along with attributable risk factors.
Microbiol Spectr
January 2025
School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common cancer accompanied by microbiome dysbiosis. Exploration of probiotics against oncogenic microorganisms is promising for CRC treatment. Here, differential microorganisms between CRC and healthy control were analyzed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnlabelled: Experimental studies have demonstrated that nutritional changes during development can result in phenotypic changes to mammalian cheek teeth. This developmental plasticity of tooth morphology is an example of phenotypic plasticity. Because tooth development occurs through complex interactions between manifold processes, there are many potential mechanisms which can contribute to a tooth's norm of reaction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHealth Sci Rep
January 2025
Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences Kermanshah Iran.
Background And Aims: Infertility, as defined by the World Health Organization, is the inability to conceive after 12 months of regular, unprotected intercourse. This study aimed to identify factors influencing infertility by applying data mining techniques, specifically rule-mining methods, to analyze diverse patient data and uncover relevant insights. This approach involves a thorough analysis of patients' clinical characteristics, dietary habits, and overall conditions to identify complex patterns and relationships that may contribute to infertility.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Vet Sci
January 2025
School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Sustainability concerns have increased consumer demand for non-animal-derived proteins and the search for novel, alternative protein sources. The nutritional sustainability of the food system without compromising the nutrient quality, composition, digestibility and consumption is pivotal. As with farmed livestock, it is imperative to ensure the well-being and food security of companion animals and to develop sustainable and affordable pet foods.
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