Acute aortic dissection is the most frequent cause of aortic emergency, associated to high morbidity and mortality rates. It is important to quickly establish the diagnosis and properly characterize the findings in order to determine the appropriate treatment. Multidetector computed tomography is, in many centers, the initial imaging modality of choice, due to its diagnostic accuracy (with sensitivity and specificity indexes of nearly 100%), wide availability, examination speed and ease performance. It enables differentiation between classic aortic dissection, intramural hematoma and penetrating atherosclerotic ulcer, entities with a similar clinical presentation. Initial precontrast images are extremely important in the detection of an intramural hematoma. Regarding classic aortic dissection, the definitive diagnostic finding is the demonstration of two contrast-filled lumina separated by an intimal flap. Accurate differentiation between the true and the false lumen is often possible and has becoming particularly important for treatment planning.
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J Clin Med
January 2025
Department of Medical Rehabilitation and Clinical Physiotherapy, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland.
The objective of this study was to assess the course of rehabilitation of patients hospitalized in the cardiac rehabilitation unit after surgery for acute Stanford type A aortic dissection, extending beyond the ascending aorta, and comparing these findings with those for patients who, after the same type of surgery, had no remaining dissection. The aim was to develop an optimal cardiac rehabilitation model for this patient population, given the lack of clear guidelines. Additionally, the study aimed to evaluate their one-year survival.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Sci
December 2024
Department of Vascular Surgery, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
Thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms (TAAAs) are rare but serious conditions characterized by dilation of the aorta characterized by remodeling of the vessel wall, with changes in the elastin and collagen content. Individuals with Marfan syndrome have a genetic predisposition for elastic fiber fragmentation and elastin degradation and are prone to early aneurysm formation and progression. Our objective was to analyze the medial collagen characteristics through histological, polarized light microscopy, and electron microscopy methods across the thoracic and abdominal aorta in twenty-five patients undergoing open surgical repair, including nine with Marfan syndrome.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiagnostics (Basel)
December 2024
Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City 333423, Taiwan.
Background/objectives: To develop and validate a model system using deep learning algorithms for the automatic detection of type A aortic dissection (AD), and differentiate it from normal and type B AD patients.
Methods: In this retrospective study, a deep learning model is developed, based on aortic computed tomography angiography (CTA) scans of 498 patients using training, validation and test sets of 398, 50 and 50 patients, respectively. An independent test set of 316 patients is used to validate and evaluate its performance.
Am J Cardiol
January 2025
Department of Cardiovascular Research, Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Plano, TX.
Can J Cardiol
January 2025
Cardiovascular department, Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russian Federation.
Background: The aim of the study was to analyze the mid-term outcomes of the frozen elephant trunk (FET) procedure for chronic aortic dissection (СAD).
Methods: From March 2012 to December 2022, 123 FET procedures were performed in patients with acute and chronic aortic dissection as well as aortic aneurysm. Fifty-five patients with chronic aortic dissection (CAD) were eligible for study.
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