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Reassessing the Association of Sedentary Behavior and Physical Activity with Ischemic Stroke: A Mendelian Randomization Study.
Med Sci Sports Exerc
November 2024
Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, CHINA.
Purpose: Findings from previous Mendelian randomization (MR) studies disagreed with the current scientific consensus regarding the role of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior in ischemic stroke (IS). We reassessed these associations with a focus on etiological subtypes of IS and the potential mediating roles of cardiometabolic traits and brain imaging-derived phenotypes (IDPs).
Methods: We performed MR analyses using summary statistics from genome-wide association studies of sedentary behavior and PA (n = 88,411~608,595), cardiometabolic traits (n = 393,193~694,649), brain IDPs (n = 33,224) and the latest IS data (62,100 cases and 1,234,808 controls).
How I Treat Higher-Risk MDS.
Blood
January 2025
H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, United States.
Myelodysplastic syndromes/neoplasms (MDS) are a widely heterogenous group of myeloid malignancies characterized by morphologic dysplasia, a defective hematopoiesis, and recurrent genetic abnormalities. The original and revised International Prognostic Scoring Systems (IPSS) have been used to risk-stratify patients with MDS to guide treatment strategies. In higher-risk MDS, the therapeutic approach is geared toward delaying leukemic transformation and prolonging survival.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffects of POPs-induced SIRT6 alteration on intestinal mucosal barrier function: A comprehensive review.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf
January 2025
Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China; Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China. Electronic address:
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are pervasive organic chemicals with significant environmental and ecological ramifications, extending to adverse human health effects due to their toxicity and persistence. The intestinal mucosal barrier, a sophisticated defense mechanism comprising the epithelial layer, mucosal chemistry, and cellular immunity, shields the host from external threats and fosters a symbiotic relationship with intestinal bacteria. Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6), a sirtuin family member, is pivotal in genome and telomere stability, inflammation regulation, and metabolic processes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHIV capsids: orchestrators of innate immune evasion, pathogenesis and pandemicity.
J Gen Virol
January 2025
Division of Infection and Immunity, UCL, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is an exemplar virus, still the most studied and best understood and a model for mechanisms of viral replication, immune evasion and pathogenesis. In this review, we consider the earliest stages of HIV infection from transport of the virion contents through the cytoplasm to integration of the viral genome into host chromatin. We present a holistic model for the virus-host interaction during this pivotal stage of infection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEast Asia and the Pacific Surveillance Metrics and History of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Updated Epidemiological Assessment.
JMIR Public Health Surveill
January 2025
Buehler Center for Health Policy and Economics, Robert J. Havey, MD Institute for Global Health, Northwestern University, 420 E. Superior, Chicago, US.
Background: This study updates the COVID-19 pandemic surveillance in East Asia and the Pacific we first conducted in 2020 with two additional years of data for the region.
Objective: First, we measure whether there was an expansion or contraction of the pandemic in East Asia and the Pacific region when the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the end of the COVID-19 public health emergency of international concern on May 5, 2023. Second, we use dynamic and genomic surveillance methods to describe the dynamic history of the pandemic in the region and situate the window of the WHO declaration within the broader history.
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