We report a 78 year-old diabetic woman, treated with gliburide and metformin, consulting in the emergency room for a non fuctuating impairment in consciousness. She had a history of similar episodes in the last two months. A brain CAT scan showed an old putamen lacunar infarction. Noteworthy was the presence of a low glycosilated hemoglobin level of 5.2%. Hypoglycemic medications were discontinued and the patient was discharged in good conditions. After six months of follow up, the patient did not have further episodes of impairment of consciousness.
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J Thorac Imaging
January 2025
Department of Radiodiagnosis and Interventional Radiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
The term "aspiration" describes lung injury that results from unintentional passage of contents other than air into the lungs and bronchial tree, commonly from the gastrointestinal and upper respiratory tracts. Only a small proportion of aspiration-related events are symptomatic, especially in predisposed individuals such as patients with diminished consciousness, impaired swallowing, oesophageal motility disorders, and reflux disease. Aspiration-related syndromes can be classified based on the onset of presentation, composition of the aspirated substance, and anatomic site of injury.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Genet Metab
January 2025
Clinical Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. Electronic address:
Mitochondrial 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase 2 (HMGCS2) deficiency is a rare, potentially life-threatening autosomal recessive disorder resulting from mutations in the HMGCS2 gene, leading to impaired ketogenesis. We systematically reviewed the clinical presentations, biochemical and genetic abnormalities in 93 reported cases and 2 new patients diagnosed based on biochemical findings. Reported onset ages ranged from 3 months to 6 years, mostly before the age of 3.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Clin Med
December 2024
Department of Infectious Diseases, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
: In Slovenia, patients with suspected tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) were historically referred to infectious diseases (ID), but during the COVID-19 pandemic, there were increased referrals to neurology. This study compared the clinical management of TBE patients between ID specialists and neurologists and assessed patients' outcomes. : We retrospectively reviewed the clinical, laboratory, and imaging data of 318 adult patients with TBE managed by ID (n = 256; 80.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Immunother Cancer
December 2024
Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Wurzburg, Wurzburg, Germany.
Background: Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy has emerged as a transformative modality in the treatment of patients with cancer. However, it is increasingly evident that this therapeutic approach is not without its challenges. The unique nature of CAR-T cells as living drugs introduces a distinct set of side effects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPharmacol Res
January 2025
Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China. Electronic address:
General anesthesia is administered to millions of individuals each year, however, the precise mechanism by which it induces unconsciousness remains unclear. While some theories suggest that anesthesia shares similarities with natural sleep, targeting sleep-promoting areas and inhibiting arousal nuclei, recent research indicates a more complex process. Emerging evidence highlights the critical role of corticothalamocortical circuits, which are involved in higher cognitive functions, in controlling arousal states and modulating transitions between different conscious states during anesthesia.
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