Severity: Warning
Message: file_get_contents(https://...@pubfacts.com&api_key=b8daa3ad693db53b1410957c26c9a51b4908&a=1): Failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.1 429 Too Many Requests
Filename: helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line Number: 176
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 176
Function: file_get_contents
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 250
Function: simplexml_load_file_from_url
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 1034
Function: getPubMedXML
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 3152
Function: GetPubMedArticleOutput_2016
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 575
Function: pubMedSearch_Global
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 489
Function: pubMedGetRelatedKeyword
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Unlabelled: Induction of apoptosis is directly correlated with the biological effectiveness of ionizing radiation (IR). Accordingly, we investigated the efficacy of neem leaf extract (NLE) on IR-associated apoptotic transcriptional modulation and cell death in neuroblastoma (NB).
Materials And Methods: NB xenografts exposed to single dose (SDR, 10 Gy) or fractionated (FIR, 2 Gy/d×5d) with or without NLE were examined for transcriptional activation of 84 apoptotic pathway genes using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Apoptosis was measured using TdT nick-end labeling.
Results: FIR induced 55 and suppressed 10 genes, while SDR induced 49 and suppressed 5 genes. Of these, 46 and 4 genes were commonly up/down-regulated after FIR and SDR. NLE inhibited IR-induced NAIP, BIRC6, BIRC8, NOL3 and enhanced BAK1, BAX, BCL10, CASP1, CASP10 CARD8 and CRADD. Furthermore, NLE conferred FIR- and SDR-induced cell death.
Conclusion: These data imply that NLE may exert radiosensitization by activating pro-apoptotic signaling and negating survival signaling and may thus potentiate radiotherapy in NB.
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