Sodium niobate adsorbents doped with tantalum (TaV) for the removal of bivalent radioactive ions in waste waters.

Sodium niobates doped with different amounts of tantalum (Ta(V)) were prepared via a thermal reaction process. It was found that pure nanofibrils and bar like solids can be obtained when tantalum is introduced into the reaction system. For the well crystallized fibril solids, the Na(+) ions are difficult to exchange, and the radioactive ions such as Sr(2+) and Ra(2+) just deposit on the surface of the fibers during the sorption process, resulting in lower sorption capacity and distribution coefficients (K(d)). However, the bar like solids are poorly crystallized and have many exchangeable Na(+) ions. They are able to remove highly hazardous bivalent radioactive isotopes such as Sr(2+) and Ra(2+) ions. Even in the presence of many Na(+) ions, they also have higher K(d). More importantly, such sorption finally intelligently triggers considerable collapse of the structure, resulting in permanent entrapment of the toxic bivalent cations in the solids, so that they can be safely disposed of. This study highlights new opportunities for the preparation of Nb-based adsorbents to efficiently remove toxic radioactive ions from contaminated water.