Anti neural antibodies are known to play a role in the immunopathogenesis of nerve damage in leprosy and HIV/AIDS. Myelin Protein zero (P0) and ceramide are two nerve components which maintain the integrity of the peripheral nerve. The present study was undertaken to identify antibodies to myelin P0 and ceramide in the sera of treated leprosy patients, HIV positive individuals and healthy subjects using enzyme linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA). The results revealed that treated leprosy patients continue to have significantly elevated myelin P0 and ceramide antibody levels as compared to healthy subjects (P < 0.05). The elevated antibody response to myelin P0 and ceramide in leprosy patients indicate a low grade autoimmune activity that perpetuates nerve damage in treated leprosy. There was no significant difference in the myelin P0 and ceramide antibody levels between HIV positive and healthy subjects (P > 0.05) suggesting that these antibodies do not play a role in early HIV infection.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11064-010-0397-7 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Human iPSC-derived myelinating organoids and globoid cells to study Krabbe disease.
PLoS One
December 2024
Departments of Biochemistry and Neurology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, United States of America.
Article Synopsis
- - Krabbe disease (Kd) is caused by a deficiency in the enzyme GALC, leading to the accumulation of the lipid galactosylceramide (GalCer), which produces a toxic lipid called psychosine that damages myelinating cells and leads to demyelination.
- - Research using induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from Kd patients revealed that Kd myelinating organoids exhibit early myelination defects without affecting other cell types, while the microglia in these organoids show changes in response to GalCer feeding.
- - The findings suggest that while Kd model organoids don't show classic lysosomal dysfunction, they provide an essential platform for studying the mechanisms behind demyel
Neuroprotective effect of neuron-specific deletion of the C16 ceramide synthetic enzymes in an animal model of multiple sclerosis.
Glia
February 2025
Neuroscience Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center, CUNY, New York, New York, USA.
Ceramide C16 is a sphingolipid detected at high levels in several neurodegenerative disorders, including multiple sclerosis (MS). It can be generated de novo or from the hydrolysis of other sphingolipids, such as sphingomyelin or through the recycling of sphingosine, in what is known as the salvage pathway. While the myelin damage occurring in MS suggests the importance of the hydrolytic and salvage pathways, the growing interest on the importance of diet in demyelinating disorders, prompted us to investigate the involvement of de novo ceramide C16 synthesis on disease severity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWhite matter lipid alterations during aging in the rhesus monkey brain.
Geroscience
September 2024
Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, 72 East Concord St, Room L1004, Boston, MA, 02118, USA.
The brain of higher organisms, such as nonhuman primates, is particularly rich in lipids, with a gray to white matter ratio of approximately 40 to 60%. White matter primarily consists of lipids, and during normal aging, it undergoes significant degeneration due to myelin pathology, which includes structural abnormalities, like sheath splitting, and local inflammation. Cognitive decline in normal aging, without neurodegenerative diseases, is strongly linked to myelin pathology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnvironmental Temperature Variation Affects Brain Lipid Composition in Adult Zebrafish ().
Int J Mol Sci
September 2024
Department of Biology and Biotechnologies "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy.
This study delves deeper into the impact of environmental temperature variations on the nervous system in teleost fish. Previous research has demonstrated that exposing adult zebrafish () to 18 °C and 34 °C for 4 or 21 days induces behavioural changes compared to fish kept at a control temperature of 26 °C, suggesting alterations in the nervous system. Subsequent studies revealed that these temperature conditions also modify brain protein expression, indicating potential neurotoxic effects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAging AdipoR2-deficient mice are hyperactive with enlarged brains excessively rich in saturated fatty acids.
FASEB J
July 2024
Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
To investigate how the fatty acid composition of brain phospholipids influences brain-specific processes, we leveraged the AdipoR2 (adiponectin receptor 2) knockout mouse model in which the brain is enlarged, and cellular membranes are excessively rich in saturated fatty acids. Lipidomics analysis of brains at 2, 7, and 18 months of age showed that phosphatidylcholines, which make up about two-thirds of all cerebrum membrane lipids, contain a gross excess of saturated fatty acids in AdipoR2 knockout mice, and that this is mostly attributed to an excess palmitic acid (C16:0) at the expense of oleic acid (C18:1), consistent with a defect in fatty acid desaturation and elongation in the mutant. Specifically, there was a ~12% increase in the overall saturated fatty acid content within phosphatidylcholines and a ~30% increase in phosphatidylcholines containing two palmitic acids.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!