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Mechanisms and Potential Benefits of Neuroprotective Agents in Neurological Health.
Nutrients
December 2024
Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale 17100, Turkey.
The brain contains many interconnected and complex cellular and molecular mechanisms. Injury to the brain causes permanent dysfunctions in these mechanisms. So, it continues to be an area where surgical intervention cannot be performed except for the removal of tumors and the repair of some aneurysms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExploring the Role of Axons in ALS from Multiple Perspectives.
Cells
December 2024
Department of Histology and Embryology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261053, China.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), commonly known as motor neuron disease, is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the progressive degeneration of both upper and lower motor neurons. This pathological process results in muscle weakness and can culminate in paralysis. To date, the precise etiology of ALS remains unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRepairing the Nasal Valve in Revision Surgery.
Otolaryngol Clin North Am
January 2025
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, USA; Division of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Penn State College of Medicine, Facial Nerve Clinic, Esteem Penn State Health Cosmetic Associates, 500 University Drive H-091, Hershey, PA. Electronic address:
Nasal airway obstruction is a frequent complaint in an otolaryngology clinic and is often multifactorial. Anatomic contributors may include a nasal septal deviation, inferior turbinate hypertrophy, and nasal valve compromise. Septoplasty and inferior turbinate reduction are one of the most common procedures performed by an otolaryngologist.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTypical development of synaptic and neuronal properties can proceed without microglia in the cortex and thalamus.
Nat Neurosci
January 2025
Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
Brain-resident macrophages, microglia, have been proposed to have an active role in synaptic refinement and maturation, influencing plasticity and circuit-level connectivity. Here we show that several neurodevelopmental processes previously attributed to microglia can proceed without them. Using a genetically modified mouse that lacks microglia (Csf1r), we find that intrinsic properties, synapse number and synaptic maturation are largely normal in the hippocampal CA1 region and somatosensory cortex at stages where microglia have been implicated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLaterally Based Island Pedicle Flap with Cheek Advancement for Defects of the Nasal Ala.
J Clin Aesthet Dermatol
December 2024
Mr. Dahabreh and Drs. Hazan and Khorasani are with the Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at the Mount Sinai Medical Center in New York, New York.
V-to-Y advancement flap is a successful repair technique that preserves vascular and tissue integrity adopted after Mohs micrographic surgery to repair cutaneous defects on the head and neck. However, defects at the lateral distal nasal ala requires large extension beyond cosmetic margins that increase risk of skin webbing, an undesired result on a cosmetically sensitive location to the patient. In this article, we present a novel approach to modifying the procedure employing the V-to-Y advancement flap by truncated the trailing end of the island pedicle to allow for successful healing and better patient satisfaction.
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