Reliance on self-report of alcohol and drug use behavior is typical among studies of substance abusers. Few studies have compared different instruments assessing frequency of drug use over long periods of time to compare findings and determine if the pattern of use is shown to be similar across measures. In this study, the UCLA Natural History Interview (NHI) and the Addiction Severity Index (ASI) were administered at three annual follow-up periods (N = 301). The temporal pattern of the trajectories of days of use assessed by the ASI and NHI are comparable (in terms of both slope and intercept) for alcohol, heroin, cocaine, methamphetamine, and marijuana use. Some discrepancies appear to arise from differences in terminology among the instruments. However, the patterns of drug use were consistent across instruments, supporting their reliability for longitudinal examination of self-reported drug use.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002204261004000210 | DOI Listing |
J Immunother Cancer
December 2024
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
Background: Granzyme B (GrB) is a key effector molecule, delivered by cytotoxic T lymphocytes and natural killer cells during immune surveillance to induce cell death. Fusion proteins and immunoconjugates represent an innovative therapeutic approach to specifically deliver a deadly payload to target cells. Epithelial membrane protein-2 (EMP2) is highly expressed in invasive breast cancer (BC), including triple-negative BC (TNBC), and represents an attractive therapeutic target.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNature
January 2025
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Microscopy and crystallography are two essential experimental methodologies for advancing modern science. They complement one another, with microscopy typically relying on lenses to image the local structures of samples, and crystallography using diffraction to determine the global atomic structure of crystals. Over the past two decades, computational microscopy, encompassing coherent diffractive imaging (CDI) and ptychography, has advanced rapidly, unifying microscopy and crystallography to overcome their limitations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLancet Microbe
January 2025
International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh; International Vaccine Institute, Seoul, South Korea; UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Vaccine Innovation Center, Korea University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. Electronic address:
Background: Patients with cholera have been shown to be protected against subsequent cholera for 3 years after their initial episode. We aimed to assess protection at 10 years of follow-up.
Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, cohorts of patients treated for cholera (index patients) and contemporaneously selected age-matched individuals without cholera (controls), randomly selected from the population of Matlab, Bangladesh, were assembled between 1990 and 2009 and followed for up to 10 years.
Nat Commun
January 2025
Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
Front Neurol
December 2024
Department of Head and Neck Surgery and Brain Research Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
The relative accessibility and simplicity of vestibular sensing and vestibular-driven control of head and eye movements has made the vestibular system an attractive subject to experimenters and theoreticians interested in developing realistic quantitative models of how brains gather and interpret sense data and use it to guide behavior. Head stabilization and eye counter-rotation driven by vestibular sensory input in response to rotational perturbations represent natural, ecologically important behaviors that can be reproduced in the laboratory and analyzed using relatively simple mathematical models. Models drawn from dynamical systems and control theory have previously been used to analyze the behavior of vestibular sensory neurons.
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