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http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.2010.03222.x | DOI Listing |
BMC Psychiatry
May 2020
Centre for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia.
In medicine, it is common to observe improvement after intervention, at least partly because patients present for care in extremis and would have improved without intervention. Controlling for this counterfactual explanation for improvement is the principle reason to conduct a trial in which patients are randomised to treatment or a control group. Accordingly, it is not reasonable to infer that both interventions are effective when the groups show similar improvements in outcome.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAddiction
November 2020
Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand.
J Clin Epidemiol
November 2019
Centre for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia.
Addiction
March 2018
Violence and Society Research Group, School of Dentistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
Addiction
November 2017
School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.
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