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A collagen-based laboratory model to mimic sex-specific features of calcific aortic valve disease.
Acta Biomater
January 2025
Department of Mining and Materials Engineering, McGill University, 3610 Rue University, Montreal, QC H3A 0C5, Canada. Electronic address:
Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) shows in the deposition of calcium phosphates in the collagen-rich layer of the valve leaflets. This stiffens the leaflets and eventually leads to heart failure. Recent research suggests that CAVD follows sex-specific pathways: at the same severity of the disease, women tend to have fewer and less crystalline calcifications, and the phases of their calcifications are decidedly different than those of men; namely, dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD) - one of the mineral phases in CAVD - occurs almost exclusively in females.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPredicting plaque regression based on plaque characteristics identified by optical coherence tomography: A retrospective study.
Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther
January 2025
Department of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Department of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China. Electronic address:
Background: Atherosclerosis is a lipid-driven, systemic immune-inflammatory disease characterized by the accumulation of plaque within the arterial walls. Plaque regression can occur following appropriate treatment interventions. Optical coherence tomography (OCT), a high-resolution imaging modality, is frequently employed to assess plaque morphology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVarying pixel resolution significantly improves deep learning-based carotid plaque histology segmentation.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health (UW-SMPH), Madison, USA.
Carotid plaques-the buildup of cholesterol, calcium, cellular debris, and fibrous tissues in carotid arteries-can rupture, release microemboli into the cerebral vasculature and cause strokes. The likelihood of a plaque rupturing is thought to be associated with its composition (i.e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIron levels and vulnerable coronary atherosclerotic plaques.
Kardiol Pol
January 2025
Department of Coronary and Structural Heart Diseases, National Institute of Cardiology, Warszawa, Poland.
Background: Preliminary research indicates that higher iron levels are associated with worse outcomes in patients with coronary artery disease.
Aims: The study aimed to investigate the relationship between iron levels and the type and composition of coronary plaques.
Methods: In patients with ≥1 coronary stenosis ≥50% on computed tomography angiography, iron levels, presence of high-risk plaque features, such as low-attenuation plaque (LAP), napkin-ring sign, positive remodeling, and spotty calcium, as well as type and plaque composition (calcified/fibrous/fibro-fatty/necrotic core) were evaluated.
Role of Vessel Wall Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Diagnosis of Intracranial Vasculopathies.
Cureus
November 2024
Radiodiagnosis, Sawai Man Singh (SMS) Medical College and Hospital, Jaipur, IND.
Background: Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide, affecting millions annually. Accurate etiological diagnosis is critical for the effective treatment and prevention of recurrent strokes. Traditional luminal imaging techniques like computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) provide limited information, focusing solely on vessel lumen characteristics.
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