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Year in Review: Novel Insights in the Pathogenesis of Spondyloarthritis - SPARTAN 2024 Annual Meeting Proceedings.
Curr Rheumatol Rep
December 2024
Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.
Purpose Of Review: The canonical pathogenesis of spondyloarthritis (SpA) involves inflammation driven by HLA-B27, type 3 immunity, and gut microbial dysregulation. This review based on information presented at the SPARTAN meeting highlights studies on the pathogenesis of SpA from the past year, focusing on emerging mechanisms such as the roles of microbe-derived metabolites, microRNAs (miRNAs) and cytokines in plasma exosomes, specific T cell subsets, and neutrophils.
Recent Findings: The induction of arthritis in a preclinical model through microbiota-driven alterations in tryptophan catabolism provides new insights as to how intestinal dysbiosis may activate disease via the gut-joint axis.
Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction in children: Delphi study and consensus document about definition and epidemiology, diagnostic work-up, treatment, and follow-up.
Respir Res
December 2024
Department of Medicine and Surgery, Pediatric Clinic, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126, Parma, Italy.
Background: Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) is common in children with asthma but can be present also in children without asthma, especially athletes. Differential diagnosis includes several conditions such as exercise-induced laryngeal obstruction (EILO), cardiac disease, or physical deconditioning. Detailed medical history, clinical examination and specific tests are mandatory to exclude alternative diagnoses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis review paper explores the transformative impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on Continued Process Verification (CPV) in the biopharmaceutical industry. Originating from the CPV of the Future project, the study investigates the challenges and opportunities associated with integrating AI into CPV, focusing on real-time data analysis and proactive process adjustments. The paper highlights the importance of aligning AI solutions with regulatory standards and offers a set of comprehensive recommendations to bridge the gap between AI's potential and its practical, compliant, and safe application in pharmaceutical manufacturing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAvoidant Restrictive Food Intake Disorder in Pediatric Liver Transplant Patients.
Pediatr Transplant
February 2025
Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
Introduction: Following liver transplantation (LT), adequate nutrition is essential, as malnutrition may contribute to slower growth in pediatric patients and put patients at risk of complications following transplant. Avoidant Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID) is an eating disorder characterized by restrictive eating patterns that compromise nutrition. Patients with ARFID may have significant difficulty meeting nutritional needs due to fear of gastrointestinal distress, making it especially difficult to manage in patients following LT.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBreastfeeding Trends Following the US Infant Formula Shortage.
Pediatrics
December 2024
Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut.
Objective: Breastfeeding enhances maternal and child health, yet US breastfeeding rates remain below optimal levels and substantial disparities persist. The 2022 infant formula crisis had the potential to influence infant feeding practices due to formula shortages and fears about the safety of formula feeding in the wake of recalls. This report studies the evolution of breastfeeding-initiation trends during the infant formula crisis and compares the effects across subpopulations.
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