The field of pharmacologic addiction treatment is expanding rapidly. While there are currently several FDA-approved medications for nicotine, alcohol, and opiate dependence, research into novel pharmacological approaches for these and additional substances is legion. Each drug of abuse, while sharing a common final neural pathway of increasing dopaminergic tone, has unique and individual characteristics that are important in developing improved and varied treatments. In this chapter, we discuss such research and present the neurobiological underpinnings of these explorations. In general, addiction treatment is focused on four areas: (1) reducing withdrawal discomfort, (2) diminishing cravings, (3) blocking rewarding effects of the drug, and (4) treating comorbidities, such as depression or ADHD. We present current ideas in pharmacologic research for nicotine, alcohol, cannabis, stimulants, and opiates.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/7854_2009_29 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Roads to remission: evolving treatment concepts in type 2 inflammatory diseases.
EClinicalMedicine
February 2025
Institute of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Molecular Diagnostics, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
Unlabelled: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) characterised by type 2 inflammation, including asthma, allergic rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, atopic dermatitis, food allergies and eosinophilic esophagitis, are increasing in prevalence worldwide. Currently, there is a major paradigm shift in the management of these diseases, towards the concept of disease modification and the treatment goal remission, regardless of severity and age. Remission as a treatment goal in chronic inflammatory NCDs was first introduced in rheumatoid arthritis, and then adopted in other non-type 2 inflammatory diseases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUPLC-MS metabolite profiling and antioxidant activity of extract.
PeerJ
January 2025
Cancer Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Background: The objective of the present study is to examine the total phenolic and flavonoid content of an ethanol extract of and to evaluate its phytochemical properties, antioxidant activity, and capacity to protect DNA from damage. This pharmaceutical/food resource mushroom may serve as a novel substitute functional food for health-conscious consumers, given its promising source of phenolics and flavonoids.
Methods: ethanol extract (SEE) was evaluated for total phenolic and flavonoid contents, while UPLC-MS analysis was used for terpenoids, phenylpropanoid, flavonoids, steroidal, phenols identification, and function prediction.
PPARG/SPP1/CD44 signaling pathway in alveolar macrophages: Mechanisms of lipid dysregulation and therapeutic targets in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
Heliyon
January 2025
Department of Endocrinology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610072, China.
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic and progressive interstitial lung disease. It is characterized by inflammation and fibrosis in the lung parenchyma and interstitium. Given its poor prognosis and limited treatment options, understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms is crucial.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA comprehensive retrospect on the current perspectives and future prospects of pneumoconiosis.
Front Public Health
January 2025
Environmental Exposures Vascular Disease Institute, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.
Pneumoconiosis is a widespread occupational pulmonary disease caused by inhalation and retention of dust particles in the lungs, is characterized by chronic pulmonary inflammation and progressive fibrosis, potentially leading to respiratory and/or heart failure. Workers exposed to dust, such as coal miners, foundry workers, and construction workers, are at risk of pneumoconiosis. This review synthesizes the international and national classifications, epidemiological characteristics, strategies for prevention, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, pathogenesis, and treatment of pneumoconiosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEvaluation of the merit of ethanolic extract of as an anti-cancer agent in human colon cancer cell lines (HCT-116).
F1000Res
January 2025
Department of Biochemistry, Kastubra Medical College Manipal, Maniapl Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
Background: Colon cancer is the third most common cancer type worldwide. Novel alternative therapeutic anti-cancer drugs against colon cancer with less toxicity are to be explored . This study was aimed to explore the anti-proliferative and anti-migratory activity of various fractions of ethanolic leaf extract on human colon cancer cell lines (HCT-116) and to explore the potential molecular targets from the most potent plant extract fraction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!