Objective: Stem cells isolated from human dental follicles as a potential cell source for bone-tissue engineering were examined for correcting a critical bone defect.
Study Design: Impacted third molars were collected and single cell-derived cell populations were cultivated in growth medium. Single cell-derived cell lines were examined in terms of cell shape, gene expression patterns, differentiation capacity in vitro, and osteogenic potential in vivo.
Results: Three distinct cell populations were identified with different morphologies, patterns of gene expression, and differentiation capacity. All 3 cell populations promoted bone formation when transplanted into surgically created critical-size defects in immunodeficient rat calvaria, compared with control animals without cell transplantation, although one of these populations showed a weak capacity for osteogenetic differentiation in vitro.
Conclusions: Human dental follicle can derive at least 3 unique cell populations in culture, all of which promote bone formation in vivo.
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