Transepithelial transport of glucose and mRNA of glucose transporters in the small intestine of rats with iron-deficiency anemia.

Objective: To evaluate the transepithelial transport of sodium, glucose, potassium, and water and the mRNA level of the sodium-glucose cotransporter (SGLT1) and the facilitated sugar transporter (GLUT2) in the small intestine of iron-deficient rats.

Methods: After 6 wk of receiving diets with low or normal iron content, rats (Wistar-EPM) were subjected to two experiments: 1) evaluation of the transepithelial transport of sodium, glucose, potassium, and water by an "in vivo" experimental model of intestinal perfusion and 2) determination of relative SGLT1 and GLUT2 mRNA levels in the proximal, intermediate, and distal portions of the small intestine by the northern blotting technique.

Results: Hemoglobin and hepatic iron levels were statistically lower in the anemic rats. The mean transepithelial transports of sodium (-33.0 μEq · min(-1) · cm(-1), glucose (426.0 μM · min(-1) · cm(-1), and water (0.4 μL · min(-1) · cm(-1) in the small intestine of the anemic rats were significantly lower than in the control group (349.1 μEq · min(-1) · cm(-1), 842.6 μM · min(-1) · cm(-1), and 4.3 μl · min(-1) · cm(-1), respectively, P < 0.05). The transepithelial transport of potassium was similar for both groups. The relative SGLT1 mRNA levels of the anemic rats in the intermediate (1.796 ± 0.659 AU) and distal (1.901 ± 0.766 AU) segments were significantly higher than the values for the control rats (intermediate 1.262 ± 0.450 AU, distal 1.244 ± 0.407 AU). No significant difference was observed for the relative SLGT1 mRNA levels in the proximal segment or for the GLUT2 mRNA levels in all segments.

Conclusion: Iron deficiency decreases the absorption of glucose, sodium, and water and increases SGLT1 mRNA in the intermediate and distal segments of the small intestine of rats.