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Development of a physiologically-based pharmacokinetic model for Ritonavir characterizing exposure and drug interaction potential at both acute and steady-state conditions.
CPT Pharmacometrics Syst Pharmacol
December 2024
Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
Ritonavir (RTV) is a potent CYP3A inhibitor that is widely used as a pharmacokinetic (PK) enhancer to increase exposure to select protease inhibitors. However, as a strong and complex perpetrator of CYP3A interactions, RTV can also enhance the exposure of other co-administered CYP3A substrates, potentially causing toxicity. Therefore, the prediction of drug-drug interactions (DDIs) and estimation of dosing requirements for concomitantly administered drugs is imperative.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInterventions to prevent surgical site infection in adults undergoing cardiac surgery.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev
December 2024
Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
Article Synopsis
- * It outlines the objectives of a study aimed at assessing the effectiveness of various interventions before, during, and after surgery to prevent SSIs and evaluate their impact on patient outcomes.
- * The study includes a comprehensive search for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) related to SSI prevention in adult cardiac surgery and aims to establish a clearer standard of care for managing these infections.
Placental histopathology in early-onset fetal growth restriction with use of sildenafil, a secondary analysis of the Dutch STRIDER study.
Placenta
November 2024
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands. Electronic address:
Objectives: Placental pathology lesions are common in early-onset fetal growth restriction (eoFGR). Therapeutic interventions to improve eoFGR outcomes are needed. In the international STRIDER trials (Sildenafil Therapy In Dismal prognosis Early-onset intrauterine growth Restriction) sildenafil didn't improve perinatal outcomes of eoFGR.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRenal Effects of Combination Phosphodiesterase V Inhibition and Low-Dose B-Type Natriuretic Peptide in Acute Heart Failure: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Circ Heart Fail
December 2024
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (S.A.H., P.M.M.K., H.H.C.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
Background: Cardiorenal dysfunction with impaired cyclic GMP (cGMP) response is common in patients presenting with acute heart failure (HF). Type V phosphodiesterase (PDEV) is known to be upregulated in HF and may explain the dysfunction of renal response. The aim of this study was to determine whether B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) alone or in combination with PDEV inhibition improves renal function and increases urinary sodium and cGMP excretion in acute HF.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe clinical efficacy of cGMP-specific sildenafil on mitochondrial biogenesis induction and renal damage in cats with acute on chronic kidney disease.
BMC Vet Res
October 2024
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Selcuk University, Konya, 42250, Türkiye.
Background: Mitochondrial biogenesis (MB) induction has recently emerged as potential therapeutic approaches in kidney pathology and the mitochondria-targeted therapies should be investigated to improve treatment of animals with kidney diseases. This study aimed to investigate the effects of MB induction with sildenafil citrate on the cGMP/NO pathway, glomerular filtration, and reduction of kidney damage and fibrosis (TGF-β/SMAD pathway) in cats with acute on chronic kidney disease (ACKD). Thirty-three cats were divided into the non-azotemic (healthy) group (n:8) and the ACKD group (n:25), comprising different breeds, sexes, and ages.
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