The fall 2009 conference of the Optical Society of America was held in San Jose, California, 11-15 October. The collocation of topical meetings on Computational Optical Sensing and Imaging (COSI), and Signal Recovery and Synthesis (SRS) with the Frontiers in Optics (FiO) Annual Meeting brought together a diverse group of scientists and engineers sharing a common interest in the processing of information carried by optical fields. The papers featured in this issue highlight several important trends.
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GG Combined with Metformin Alleviates Alcohol-Induced Liver Inflammation in Mice by Maintaining the Intestinal Barrier and Regulating Treg/Th1 Cells.
J Med Food
January 2025
Department of Infectious Diseases and Liver Diseases, Ningbo Medical Centre Lihuili Hospital, Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
Disturbances of the intestinal barrier enabling bacterial translocation exacerbate alcoholic liver disease (ALD). GG (LGG) has been shown to exert beneficial effects in gut dysbiosis and chronic liver disease. The current study assessed the combined effects of LGG and metformin, which play roles in anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory processes, in alcohol-induced liver disease mice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTransitions in intensive care: Investigating critical slowing down post extubation.
PLoS One
January 2025
Department of Computer Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
Complex biological systems undergo sudden transitions in their state, which are often preceded by a critical slowing down of dynamics. This results in longer recovery times as systems approach transitions, quantified as an increase in measures such as the autocorrelation and variance. In this study, we analysed paediatric patients in intensive care for whom mechanical ventilation was discontinued through removal of the endotracheal tube (extubation).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBacopa monnieri Extract Diminish Hypoxia-Induced Anxiety by Regulating HIF-1α Signaling and Enhancing the Antioxidant Defense System in Hippocampus.
Neuromolecular Med
January 2025
Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221 005, India.
Hypoxia is a significant stressor, and stabilized hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) regulates the expression of numerous genes, leading to various biochemical, molecular, physiological and genomic changes. The body's oxygen-sensing system activates gene expression to protect brain tissues from hypoxia. Gamma-aminobutyric acid, an inhibitory neurotransmitter, regulates brain excitability during hypoxia through the activation of HIF-1 α.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHuman Neural Stem Cell Therapy for Traumatic Brain Injury-A Systematic Review of Pre-Clinical Studies.
J Neurotrauma
January 2025
Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA.
Human neural stem cells (hNSCs) possess significant therapeutic potential for the treatment of traumatic brain injury (TBI), a leading cause of global death and disability. Recent pre-clinical studies have shown that hNSCs reduce tissue damage and promote functional recovery through neuroprotective and regenerative signaling and cell replacement. Yet the overall efficacy of hNSCs for TBI indications remains unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOptimization of the Extraction Protocol for Pacific Ciguatoxins from Marine Products Prior to Analysis Using the Neuroblastoma Cell-Based Assay.
Mar Drugs
January 2025
Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), UMR 241-SECOPOL (IFREMER, ILM, IRD, UPF), P.O. Box 6570, 98702 Faa'a, Tahiti, French Polynesia.
Ciguatera poisoning (CP) is caused by the consumption of marine products contaminated with ciguatoxins (CTXs) produced by dinoflagellates of the genus . Analytical methods for CTXs, involving the extraction/purification of trace quantities of CTXs from complex matrices, are numerous in the literature. However, little information on their effectiveness for nonpolar CTXs is available, yet these congeners, contributing to the risk of CP, are required for the establishment of effective food safety monitoring programs.
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