The concentrations of Cd, Co, Cu, Cr, Pb, Ni and Zn in cigarette ash after acid digestion were determined by graphite furnaces atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The concentrations (mgkg(-1)) of the metals in cigarette range from 0.013-2.64 for Cd; 0.013-0.013 for Co, 5.45-28.10 for Cu, 0.013-0.013 for Cr; 0.013-7.88 for Pb; 0.013-2.63 for Ni and 6.10-32.34 for Zn. There is significant variation in the concentrations of Cd, Cu, Pb, Ni and Zn in the different brands. The results of this study revealed that ash of different brands of cigarette sold in Nigeria market contained elevated levels of Cd, Pb, Ni, Cu and Zn. Cigarette ash represents a potential source of Cd, Pb, Ni, Cu and Zn to the environment. Inhalation of cigarette ash containing elevated levels of metals constitutes serious health hazards.
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Heliyon
January 2025
Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, UK.
Objective And Rationale: This study assessed support for novel tobacco compared with alcohol control policies among adults in Great Britain in 2021-2023. Objectives were to assess 1) overall level of support for tobacco compared to alcohol control policies; 2) level of support for tobacco compared to alcohol control policies among people who smoke tobacco or who consume alcohol at increasing and higher risk levels, or who do both; 3) level of support for tobacco compared to alcohol control policies among different sociodemographic groups?
Methods: Data were collected in September/October 2021-2023 in a monthly population-based survey on smoking and drinking behaviour of adults across Great Britain (N = 6311), weighted to match the overall population. Outcome measure was level of support for each seven tobacco and alcohol control policies.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev
January 2025
Department of Health Promotion and Policy, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA.
Rationale: There is limited guidance on the best ways to stop using nicotine-containing vapes (otherwise known as e-cigarettes) and ensure long-term abstinence, whilst minimising the risk of tobacco smoking and other unintended consequences. Treatments could include pharmacological interventions, behavioural interventions, or both.
Objectives: To conduct a living systematic review assessing the benefits and harms of interventions to help people stop vaping compared to each other or to placebo or no intervention.
Chronic Obstr Pulm Dis
December 2024
Applied Chest Imaging Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States.
Background: Cigarette smoke contributes to skeletal muscle wasting. While exercise and nutritional therapies are effective in improving skeletal muscle quantity and quality, the effect of medications on longitudinal muscle loss is unclear. We investigated whether long-term use of common medications affects longitudinal skeletal muscle changes in current and former smokers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Total Environ
December 2024
Instrumental Analytical Chemistry and Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5, Essen, Germany.
Forensic Sci Int
August 2024
Department of Geosciences, Environment and Spatial Plannings and Institute of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 687, Porto 4169-007, Portugal.
Cigarettes are part of a collection of objects found everywhere and smoked by a large part of the population. Cigarette butts can be an essential piece of evidence in identifying a certain suspect/witness, as they can suggest the positive identification or exclusion of one or more brands by comparison or even DNA analysis. The main objective of this study is to test the capability of Handheld X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (HHXRF) to analyze the elemental concentration of individual cigarette ash of several tobacco brands and investigate if it is further possible to discriminate the different brands based on their ash's elemental concentration.
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