We present a new type of flexible dry copper electrodes based on Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) coatings, requiring no electrical contact with the body. Tests were performed in order to evaluate the performance of these types of electrodes using electro-optic techniques, suitable for wearable devices. Conductive and insulated PDMS layers were fabricated through a spin coating process, reaching a thickness of 100µ. These layers were then deposited on top of a flexible copper sheet. In a first set of experiments PDMS-based electrodes were compared with Ag/AgCl pre-gelled electrodes, showing comparable performances and lower noise signals. In order to test the influence of electrode area into signal strength, different sizes were chosen: 10.14 cm(2), 17.55 cm(2), 25.3 cm(2) and 39 cm(2). The results have shown that the signal strength increases with electrode area. We have also tested the influence of PDMS conductivity in signal strength, by adding two types of nickel to the pre-polymer solution. PDMS conductive electrodes have shown slightly better performances, with amplitudes higher than 200mV, which is the maximum value recorded with PDMS insulated electrodes.
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Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)
January 2025
Department of Orthopedics, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
Bone remodeling is a continuous cyclic process that maintains and regulates bone structure and strength. The disturbance of bone remodeling leads to a series of bone metabolic diseases. Recent studies have shown that citrate, an intermediate metabolite of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, plays an important role in bone remodeling.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Immunol
January 2025
Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States.
Introduction: Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) expressing T-cells have shown great promise for the future of cancer immunotherapy with the recent clinical successes achieved in treating different hematologic cancers. Despite these early successes, several challenges remain in the field that require to be solved for the therapy to be more efficacious. One such challenge is the lack of long-term persistence of CD28 based CAR T-cells in patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCommun Psychol
January 2025
Institute of Psychology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.
Learning an association does not always succeed on the first attempt. Previous studies associated increased error signals in posterior medial frontal cortex with improved memory formation. However, the neurophysiological mechanisms that facilitate post-error learning remain poorly understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTalanta
January 2025
College of Science, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China. Electronic address:
Organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) integrated with commercial transistors are promising sensing platforms characterized by enhanced device uniformity, functional diversity, and electrical output stability. Aptamers with charged backbones and a high affinity for target molecules are anticipated to mitigate the limitations imposed by Debye screening in physiological environments with high ionic strength, thereby facilitating specific biological recognition in complex surroundings. This study presents two reliable OFET aptasensors for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and offers a systematic comparison of their performance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJMIR Infodemiology
January 2025
Salzburg University of Applied Sciences, Puch/Salzburg, Austria.
Background: The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) sparked significant health concerns worldwide, prompting policy makers and health care experts to implement nonpharmaceutical public health interventions, such as stay-at-home orders and mask mandates, to slow the spread of the virus. While these interventions proved essential in controlling transmission, they also caused substantial economic and societal costs and should therefore be used strategically, particularly when disease activity is on the rise. In this context, geosocial media posts (posts with an explicit georeference) have been shown to provide a promising tool for anticipating moments of potential health care crises.
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