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Selecting systemic treatment for metastatic neuroendocrine tumors of the lung-current evidence and clinical implications.
Cancer Treat Rev
December 2024
Department of Medicine I, Division of Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria. Electronic address:
Neuroendocrine tumors (NET) of the lung are a slowly growing subtype of lung cancer that has a different treatment paradigm than aggressive and more common forms of lung neuroendocrine neoplasms (NEN) like small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Current guidelines for metastatic lung NET advocate a handful of treatment options, including somatostatin analogs (SSA), everolimus, temozolomide- or platin-based chemotherapy, and peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT). However, there is no clear treatment sequence, and the therapy of choice may depend on several factors such as tumor grade / growth rate, tumor burden / symptoms, disease progression status, and somatostatin receptor (SSTR) expression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFManagement of choroidal/ciliary body metastasis in the era of targeted cancer therapy.
Front Oncol
December 2024
Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States.
Introduction: Choroidal metastases from systemic malignancies are the most common intraocular malignancies in adults. External beam radiation (EBR) has historically been first-line therapy for metastatic tumors to the choroid. However, good responses have been described with newer targeted biologics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPrevalence of second primary malignancies in patients with well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors.
Endocr Pract
January 2025
Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 49 Przybyszewskiego Str., 60-355 Poznan, Poland.
Objectives: Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) constitute a diverse group of tumors. NETs are often diagnosed late, due to nonspecific symptoms. Second Primary Malignancies (SPMs) have been reported in up to 25% of NETs and their incidence has been described as negative predictor of OS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLung neuroendocrine neoplasms are a group of diverse, heterogeneous tumours that range from well-differentiated, low-grade neuroendocrine tumours-such as typical and atypical carcinoids-to high-grade, poorly differentiated aggressive malignancies, such as large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) and small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). While the incidence of SCLC has decreased, the worldwide incidence of other pulmonary neuroendocrine neoplasms has been increasing over the past decades. In addition to the standard histopathological classification of lung neuroendocrine neoplasms, the introduction of molecular and sequencing techniques has led to new advances in understanding the biology of these diseases and might influence future classifications and staging that can subsequently improve management guidelines in the adjuvant or metastatic settings.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAtypical Cerebral Carcinoids Treated with Hippocampal-Sparing Whole Brain Radiotherapy.
Cureus
December 2024
Radiation Oncology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA.
Central nervous system (CNS) metastases of atypical carcinoid tumors are exceptionally rare. Isolated studies suggest a survival benefit in patients who receive whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT); however, it has been known to have detrimental effects on long-term memory and executive function. Here, we present a case of a patient initially diagnosed with stage IIB bronchopulmonary carcinoid who later developed hepatic and intracranial metastases despite receiving adjuvant systemic therapy over a two-year period.
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