Neuropraxia of the greater auricular nerve is an uncommon complication of shoulder surgery, with the patient in the beach chair position. The greater auricular nerve, a superficial branch of the cervical plexus, is vulnerable to neuropraxia due to its superficial anatomical location. In this case series, we present three cases of neuropraxia associated with direct compression by a horseshoe headrest, used in routine positioning for uncomplicated shoulder surgery. We outline the risk of using devices of this nature and discourage the use of similar headrest devices due to the potential complications in headrest devices that exert pressure on the posterior auricular area to maintain head position during surgery.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0973-6042.70824 | DOI Listing |
J R Coll Physicians Edinb
January 2025
AIIMS Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, Orissa, India.
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1) is a genetic disorder commonly characterized by café-au-lait macules, neurofibromas and axillary freckling. We present the case of a 20-year-old female who had bilateral neck swellings, and these swellings were misdiagnosed as cervical lymphadenopathy, and the patient was started on anti-tubercular therapy (ATT), but the swellings didn't show any improvement despite 6 months of ATT. Further examination revealed thickening of the greater auricular, supratrochlear and supraorbital nerves, accompanied by an unusual freckling pattern along the thickened nerves, which were suggestive of neurofibromatosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFElife
January 2025
Department of Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Springfield, United States.
Background: Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is characterized by intense central inflammation, leading to substantial post-hemorrhagic complications such as vasospasm and delayed cerebral ischemia. Given the anti-inflammatory effect of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) and its ability to promote brain plasticity, taVNS has emerged as a promising therapeutic option for SAH patients. However, the effects of taVNS on cardiovascular dynamics in critically ill patients, like those with SAH, have not yet been investigated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPsychophysiology
January 2025
Biological Psychology Lab, Department of Psychology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany.
Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (tVNS) offers a non-invasive method to enhance noradrenergic neurotransmission in the human brain, thereby increasing cognitive control. Here, we investigate if changes in cognitive control induced by tVNS are mediated through locus coeruleus-induced modifications of neural activity in the anterior cingulate cortex. Young healthy participants engaged in a simple cognitive control task focusing on response inhibition and a more complex task that involved both response inhibition and working memory, inside a magnetic resonance imaging scanner.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomolecules
November 2024
Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care, Emergency and Pain Medicine, Cerebrovascular Sciences and Neuromodulation, Würzburg University, 97080 Würzburg, Germany.
A new therapeutic approach, known as neuromodulation therapy-which encompasses a variety of interventional techniques meant to alter the nervous system in order to achieve therapeutic effects-has emerged in recent years as a result of advancements in neuroscience. Currently used methods for neuromodulation include direct and indirect approaches, as well as invasive and non-invasive interventions. For instance, the two primary methods of stimulating the vagus nerve (VN) are invasive VN stimulation (iVNS) and transcutaneous VN stimulation (tVNS).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Prosthet Dent
January 2025
Professor and Chairman, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States. Electronic address:
Statement Of Problem: Information on predicting the measurements of the nose from selected facial landmarks to assist in maxillofacial prosthodontics is lacking.
Purpose: The objective of this study was to identify the efficiency of machine learning models in predicting the length and width of the nose from selected facial landmarks.
Material And Methods: Two-dimensional frontal and lateral photographs were made of 100 men and 100 women.
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