Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (AD/HD) and pervasive developmental disorder (PDD) must be differentiated because the respective treatments are different. However, they are difficult to distinguish because they often show similar symptoms. At our hospital, we have the rearer of a patient answer both the ADHD Rating Scale-IV (ADHD-RS) and the Autism Spectrum Screening Questionnaire (ASSQ), and use the results as an aid for the diagnosis of AD/HD or PDD. These results were compared with reference to PDD and AD/HD for an examination of the features of the two disorders. The subjects of our study were 45 children with AD/HD and 77 children with PDD. ADHD-RS score was significantly higher for AD/HD than PDD, but the total ASSQ score was significantly higher for PDD than AD/HD. Furthermore, for the inattention subscale of ADHD-RS, both total score and number of high-score items were significantly higher for AD/HD than PDD. As for the ASSQ score for PDD, it was significantly higher than for AD/HD in the domains of repetitive behavior, social interaction, and communication problems. In addition, PDD features many high-score items in the social interaction domain. We thought that these results about both ADHD-RS and ASSQ were useful for the differentiation of AD/HD or PDD.
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Objective: Currently, extended-release methylphenidate (MPH) and atomoxetine (ATX) are used for the medical treatment of AD/HD. The purpose of this study is to investigate the current state of these treatments from the viewpoint of the persistency rate of each drug.
Methods: Of patients who had AD/HD or pervasive developmental disorder (PDD) associated with the symptoms of AD/HD, 460 cases who receiving MPH and 121 receiving ATX were investigated in terms of the diagnosis, the persistency rate, the persistency rate by the diagnostic name, reasons for discontinuation, and concomitant drugs as continual medications.
Inhibitory function and working memory in attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and pervasive developmental disorders: does a continuous cognitive gradient explain ADHD and PDD traits?
Acta Med Okayama
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Department of Child Neurology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama
To clarify the relationship between attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (AD/HD) and pervasive developmental disorders (PDD), we investigated the common features and differences of these disorders in neuropsychological profiles. The subjects were 4 groups of Japanese boys aged 6 to 15 years, categorized by diagnosis:AD/HD (n＝20), PDD with comorbid AD/HD (PDD＋:n＝16), PDD without comorbid AD/HD (PDD－:n＝8), and typically developing (n＝60). We evaluated executive function (EF) through verbal and visuospatial memory tasks, the Go/NoGo task, and the color-word matching Stroop task.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF[A study of reading disorder comorbid with pervasive developmental disorder or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder].
No To Hattatsu
September 2012
Department of Child Neurology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama.
Objective: We investigated the frequency and characteristics of reading disorder comorbid with pervasive developmental disorder (PDD) or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (AD/HD).
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[Effectiveness of social skills training for children with developmental disorders: behavioral analysis using a two-dimensional motion capture system].
No To Hattatsu
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Department of Developmental Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo.
The current study sought to develop a new behavioral analysis methods to evaluate the effects of social skills training (SST). SST is known to be an effective method to improve the social skills of children with behavioral problems. However, current evaluation methods involve behavioral rating scales that are heavily dependent on evaluators' particular experiences they have had.
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