In the present work, in vivo ROS formation and the activity of antioxidant enzymes in the hippocampus and the cerebellum of sodium metavanadate (NaVO₃) treated rats were studied. Rats were i.p. injected with 3 mg/kg bw/day (V₁ group) or with 7.2 mg/kg bw/day of NaVO₃ (V₂ group) for 5 consecutive days. Results show that after only 5 days of NaVO₃ exposure, reactive oxygen species formation and alteration of the oxidative defence system were observed. Vanadium-induced OH production was detected in cerebellum at the high dose. This result was confirmed by in situ ROS histochemical staining. Neither Cat nor Cu-Zn SOD activities showed changes while GSH/GSSG ratio, in both brain areas, was significantly decreased in NaVO₃-treated groups. The present work indicates that the NaVO₃ dose and the particular brain area constitution would be critical in the cellular and molecular oxidative mechanism of this element.
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