International organizations promote provider-initiated, 'routine' HIV testing of pregnant women seeking antenatal care as an effort to curb mother-to-child transmission. We offer an account of the perceptions of HIV testing at antenatal clinics in rural Malawi. Although it is both international and Government of Malawi policy that women must be explicitly informed of their right to refuse testing, analysis of in-depth interviews, focus group discussions and evidence from observational field journals show that rural Malawians do not perceive HIV testing as a choice, but rather as compulsory in order to receive antenatal care. This study illustrates dissonance between global expectations and local realities of the delivery of HIV-testing interventions.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/heapol/czq066 | DOI Listing |
AIDS Care
January 2025
Westat, Rockville, MD, USA.
Transgender youth are disproportionately affected by HIV, particularly minoritized youth in the US south. To understand HIV service use among transgender youth, we interviewed 25 young racial and ethnic minority clients of four southern community-based HIV service organizations (CBOs), and CBO staff ( = 12), about service access and use. Participants were assigned male at birth and identified as female ( = 8), transgender ( = 11) or gender-fluid or nonbinary ( = 6).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
December 2024
Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine, Tirana, ALB.
Background Different pathologies are encountered more often in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients, such as bacterial, fungal, viral infection, and neoplastic diseases. Recently, studies have shown that HIV-infected individuals have poorer oral health outcomes, worse dentition, and aggressive forms of periodontitis. This study aims to investigate the dental and periodontal status of HIV-infected patients, the correlation between CD4+ level and the CD4 percentage with dentition, and periodontal status.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHIV AIDS (Auckl)
January 2025
Department of Health Research, M.A. SANTE (Meilleur Accès Aux Soins de Santé), Yaounde, Cameroon.
Background: HIV represents a significant public health challenge, contributing to increased mortality and morbidity within the population. Despite the implementation of various HIV testing strategies, the uptake rate of HIV testing remains low.
Objective: This study aims to assess the factors associated with HIV testing uptake among women and men in Cameroon.
China CDC Wkly
January 2025
National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
What Is Already Known About This Topic?: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) low-level viremia (LLV) during antiretroviral therapy (ART) occurs frequently in Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province.
What Is Added By This Report?: Among people living with HIV who achieved virological success [viral load (VL) <1,000 copies/mL] after initiating ART in Dehong Prefecture, Southwest China, 17.6% experienced first-year LLV of 50-999 copies/mL First-year LLV emerged as an independent risk factor for subsequent viral non-suppression compared with participants maintaining first-year VL <50 copies/mL.
China CDC Wkly
January 2025
Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China.
What Is Already Known About This Topic?: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) self-testing serves as a crucial strategy for overcoming testing barriers, with urine-based self-testing emerging as a potential novel approach.
What Is Added By This Report?: In a real-world setting, this study demonstrated that the urine rapid test exhibited lower diagnostic accuracy compared to the blood rapid test. Study participants expressed stronger preferences for HIV self-testing methods utilizing finger prick samples, accompanied by standard written instructions and lower costs.
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