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The sonochemical degradation of the cationic surfactant, laurylpyridinium chloride (LPC), in water was studied at concentrations of 0.1-0.6 mM, all below its critical micelle concentration (15 mM). It has been found that the initial step in the degradation of LPC occurs primarily by a pyrolysis pathway. Chemical analysis of sonicated solutions by gas chromatography, electrospray mass spectrometry, and high performance liquid chromatography reveals that a broad range of decomposition products, hydrocarbon gases and water-soluble species, are produced. Propionamide and acetamide were identified as two of the degradation intermediates and probably formed as the result of the opening of the pyridinium ring following OH radical addition. Most of the LPC is eventually converted into carboxylic acids. The complete mineralization of these carboxylic acids by sonolysis is however a comparatively slow process due to the hydrophilic nature of these low molecular weight products.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ultsonch.2010.09.013 | DOI Listing |
Ultrason Sonochem
December 2024
Grupo de Investigación en Remediación Ambiental y Biocatálisis (GIRAB), Instituto de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 # 52-21, Medellín, Colombia.
This work presents the development of an illustrative experimental class about the mechanical and chemical effects of ultrasound to introduce students to the field of sonochemical advanced oxidation processes. Ultrasound equipment at low frequency (<100 kHz) and mid-high frequency (200-500 kHz), in addition to basic laboratory equipment (glassware instruments and a spectrophotometer) and accessible reagents (commercial activated carbon, potassium iodide, ammonium heptamolybdate, distilled water, and methyl orange) are required. Under the teacher's supervision, the students will perform experiments on the sonication of activated carbon in water to learn about the mechanical effects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Technol
November 2024
Subdirección de Apoyo y Desarrollo Académico/Tecnológico Nacional de México/Tecnológico de Estudios Superiores de Tianguistenco, Carretera Tenango, Santiago Tilapa, México.
Dexamethasone (DXM) was the first drug used to treat COVID-19, only a small part is metabolized and has been identified in wastewater and surface water, conventional treatments do not remove these compounds, therefore new technologies must be developed. A commercially injectable solution containing dexamethasone (DXM) was removed by heterogeneous sono/photo-Fenton (SPF) process using clinoptilolite zeolite (CZ) modified with Fe (CZ-Fe) by an electrodeposition method. The effect of initial concentration (1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Sci Pollut Res Int
December 2024
Environmental Quality and Bioprocesses Research Group (GICAB), Faculty of Chemical and Textile Engineering, Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería UNI, Av. Túpac Amaru No 210, Rímac, Lima, Peru.
The improvement of the sono-photo-Fenton process at nearby neutral pH (~ 6.2) and high iron concentration (5 mg L) by the addition of the juice of Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa Degener (yellow passion fruit) on the degradation of imipenem in water is reported for the first time.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLangmuir
November 2024
Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam 603102, Tamilnadu, India.
Environ Sci Technol
December 2024
College of Carbon Neutrality Future Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P.R. China.
Addressing the mounting challenge of ammonia nitrogen pollution in aquatic ecosystems necessitates the selective oxidation of ammonia nitrogen to nitrogen gas, a pivotal aspect of eco-friendly nitrogen removal processes. Ultrasound cavitation, renowned for its capacity to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), has garnered considerable attention in environmental remediation. This study reveals a highly synergistic mechanism in ultrasound coupled stirring (US-ST), establishing optimal coupling conditions through sound field monitoring and quantification of ROS.
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