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Microorganisms
November 2024
Department of Gastroenterology, St George's University Hospital, London SW17 0QT, UK.
Proctitis refers to inflammation in the rectum and may result in rectal bleeding, discharge, urgency, tenesmus, and lower abdominal pain. It is a common presentation, particularly in genitourinary medicine and gastroenterology, as the two most common causes are sexually transmitted infections and inflammatory bowel disease. The incidence of infective proctitis is rising, particularly amongst high-risk groups, including men who have sex with men, those with HIV seropositive status, and those participating in high-risk sexual behaviours.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMedicina (Kaunas)
December 2024
Department of Neurosurgery, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 402, Taiwan, China.
Traumatic direct type carotid cavernous fistula (CCF) is an acquired arteriovenous shunt between the carotid artery and the cavernous sinus post severe craniofacial trauma or iatrogenic injury. We reported a 46-year-old woman who had developed a traumatic direct type CCF after severe head trauma with a skull base fracture and brain contusion hemorrhage. The clinical manifestations of the patient included pulsatile exophthalmos, proptosis, bruits, chemosis, and a decline in consciousness.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Clin Med
December 2024
Department of Surgery, NYC Health and Hospitals, Elmhurst Hospital Center, New York, NY 11373, USA.
: Despite improvements in technology and safety measures, injuries from collisions involving motor vehicles (CIMVs) continue to be prevalent. Therefore, our goal is to investigate the different patterns of head injuries associated with CIMVs. : This is a single-center, retrospective study of patients with motor vehicle-related trauma between 1 January 2016-31 December 2023.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomedicines
December 2024
Department of Surgery, Division of G.I, Trauma, and Endocrine Surgery, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
Hemorrhagic shock remains a leading cause of preventable death worldwide, with mortality patterns varying significantly based on injury mechanisms and severity. This comprehensive review examines the complex pathophysiology of hemorrhagic shock, focusing on the temporal evolution of inflammatory responses, biomarker utility, and evidence-based therapeutic interventions. The inflammatory cascade progresses through distinct phases, beginning with tissue injury and endothelial activation, followed by a systemic inflammatory response that can transition to devastating immunosuppression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomedicines
November 2024
Department of Pediatrics I, Medical University Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
: Hemophilia A is associated with frequent bleeding episodes, joint damage, and reduced bone mineral density (BMD). The role of coagulation factors and inflammatory cytokines on bone metabolism, particularly on osteoblast function, is of increasing interest. However, significant inter-species differences in bone remodeling raise concerns about the translatability of findings from murine models to human systems.
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