The effects of ceftazidime (CAZ) and flomoxef sodium (FMOX) on the in-vitro electroretinogram (ERG) of albino rabbits were studied. The a-wave, the b-wave and the oscillatory potential (OP) were unchanged by 0.3mM (0.19mg/ml) CAZ-containing solution. The OP was suppressed by 0.5mM (0.32mg/ml) CAZ. The a-wave, the b-wave and the OP were unchanged by 0.5mM (0.26mg/ml) FMOX. The OP was suppressed and its peak latency was delayed by 2mM (0.52mg/ml) FMOX. The concentration of 0.3mM (0.19mg/ml) CAZ was higher than its minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Serratia marcescens and Propionibacterium acnes. The concentration of 0.5mM (0.26mg/ml) FMOX was higher than its MIC against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Serratia marcescens and Propionibacterium acnes.
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Ann Gastroenterol Surg
September 2019
Aim: The 2016 guidelines of the Japan Society for Surgical Infection and the Japan Society of Chemotherapy advocate giving prophylactic antibiotics 1 hour before surgery and until 24 hours after surgery in patients undergoing elective hepatic resection. However, the efficacy of short-term antimicrobial prophylaxis has not been evaluated according to surgical approach. We evaluated the efficacy of giving prophylactic antibiotics in patients undergoing open or laparoscopic hepatic resection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSurg Today
October 2019
Chairman of the Board of Directors, Toho University, 5-21-16 Omori-nishi, Ota-ku, Tokyo, 143-8510, Japan.
Purposes: This study compared the effectiveness of 1-day vs 3-days antibiotic regimen to prevent surgical site infection (SSI) in open liver resection.
Method: We performed a randomized controlled non-inferiority trial in 480 patients at 39 hospitals across Japan (registered as UMIN000002852). Patients with hepatocellular carcinoma scheduled to undergo resection were randomly assigned to receive either a 1-day regimen for antimicrobial prophylaxis, or a 3-day regimen.
J Pharm Sci
July 2019
Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, 3-1-1, Tsuhima-naka, Kitaku, Okayama, Japan. Electronic address:
Product temperature (T) and drying time constitute critical material attributes and process parameters in the lyophilization process and especially during the primary drying stage. In the study, we performed a temperature measurement by the sublimation rate (TMbySR) to monitor the T value and determine the end point of primary drying. First, the water vapor transfer resistance coefficient through the main pipe from the chamber to the condenser (C) was estimated via the water sublimation test.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
August 2018
School of Health Care Management, Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research, NHFPS, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
Background: China has a high rate of antibiotic use. The Chinese Ministry of Health (MOH) established the Center for Antibacterial Surveillance (CAS) to monitor the use of antibacterial agents in hospitals in 2005. The purpose of this study was to identify trends, pattern changes and regional differences in antibiotic consumption in 151 public general tertiary hospitals across China from 2011-2014.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Pharm Biomed Anal
June 2017
Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310004, China; Zhejiang Institute for Food and Drug Control, Hangzhou 310004, China. Electronic address:
Thirteen unknown impurities in flomoxef sodium were separated and characterized by liquid chromatography coupled with high resolution ion trap/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-IT-TOF MS)with positive and negative modes of electrospray ionization method for further improvement of official monographs in pharmacopoeias. The fragmentation patterns of impurities in flomoxef in the negative ion mode were studied in detail, and new negative-ion fragmentation regularities were discovered. Chromatographic separation was performed on a Kromasil C18 column (250mm×4.
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