Cancer progression is characterized by autarky in growth signals, insensitivity to growth-restrictive signals, evasion of apoptosis, a limitless potential to replicate, sustained angiogenesis, and tissue invasion, including metastasis. The regulation of these cellular processes relies on a fine-tuned control of molecular signal cascades. In recent years, short noncoding RNAs termed microRNAs (miRNAs) have been described as a novel class of molecular regulators. These affect various signaling cascades during the progression of neoplastic diseases by the regulation of gene expression on the post-transcriptional level. The novel endothelial cell-derived secreted protein epidermal growth factor-like domain 7 (EGFL7) has been suggested to control vascular tubulogenesis. Further, the two biologically active miRNAs miR-126 and its complement miR-126*, which are encoded by intron 7 of the egfl7 gene, have been described to mediate vascular functions. Knock-out studies in zebrafish and mice suggested a major role of miR-126 in angiogenesis and vascular integrity, which was mediated by the repression of inhibitors of VEGF-induced proliferation in endothelial cells. Recent studies revealed the distribution and function of miR-126 and miR-126* in various types of cancer, and assigned a role to both miRNAs as suppressors of tumor formation. Indeed, miR-126 and miR-126* have been reported to impair cancer progression through signaling pathways that control tumor cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and survival. Conversely, miR-126 and miR-126* may have a supportive role in the progression of cancer as well, which might be mediated by the promotion of blood vessel growth and inflammation. In this work, we will summarize the current knowledge on functions of miR-126/miR-126* that are relevant for cancer formation, and we will discuss their potential clinical use as predictive markers of survival and application as novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of neoplastic diseases.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2010.198 | DOI Listing |
Front Bioinform
January 2025
Department of Biology and Chemistry, College of Sciences, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China.
The precise role of lncRNAs in skeletal muscle development and atrophy remain elusive. We conducted a bioinformatic analysis of 26 GEO datasets from mouse studies, encompassing embryonic development, postnatal growth, regeneration, cell proliferation, and differentiation, using R and relevant packages (limma et al.).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiochem Genet
January 2025
Bashkir State Medical University, Lenina Str. 3, Ufa, 450008, Russian Federation.
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease of unknown pathogenesis with no effective treatment currently available. Given the regulatory roles of lncRNAs (TP53TG1, LINC00342, H19, MALAT1, DNM3OS, MEG3), miRNAs (miR-218-5p, miR-126-3p, miR-200a-3p, miR-18a-5p, miR-29a-3p), and their target protein-coding genes (PTEN, TGFB2, FOXO3, KEAP1) in the TGF-β/SMAD3, Wnt/β-catenin, focal adhesion, and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways, we investigated the expression levels of selected genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and lung tissue from patients with IPF. Lung tissue and blood samples were collected from 33 newly diagnosed, treatment-naive patients and 70 healthy controls.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomedicines
January 2025
Department of Gastroenterology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, 20-954 Lublin, Poland.
Asymptomatic liver steatosis constitutes an emerging issue worldwide. Therefore, we decided to explore relationships between selected types of microRNAs (miRNAs), serological markers of liver fibrosis and hematological parameters in the course of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Two hundred and seven persons were included in the survey: 97 with NAFLD and 110 healthy controls.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Ther Nucleic Acids
March 2025
Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada.
Gene therapy targeting ischemic heart disease is a promising therapeutic avenue, but it is mostly restricted to viral-based delivery approaches which are limited due to off-target immunological responses. Focused ultrasound presents a non-viral, image-guided technique in which circulating intravascular microbubble contrast agents can reversibly enhance vascular permeability and gene penetration. Here, we explore the influence of flow rate on the microbubble-assisted delivery of miR-126, a potent pro-angiogenic biologic, using a custom acoustically coupled pressurized mesenteric artery model.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
December 2024
Life and Medical Sciences Area, Health Sciences Discipline, Kobe University, Kobe, JPN.
Background and objective Moderate exercise is important for health; however, there are variations among individuals in terms of characterizing moderate intensity and it is difficult to identify. In light of this, the purpose of this study was to identify new objective indicators to determine effective exercise intensity. Methods This study involved both human and animal experiments.
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