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Microglial activation states and their implications for Alzheimer's Disease.
J Prev Alzheimers Dis
January 2025
School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, 220 3-5 Plenty Road, Bundoora VIC 3082, Australia. Electronic address:
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the accumulation of toxic amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) of tau protein in the brain. Microglia, key immune cells of the central nervous system, play an important role in AD development and progression, primarily through their responses to Aβ and NFTs. Initially, microglia can clear Aβ, but in AD, chronic activation overwhelms protective mechanisms, leading to sustained neuroinflammation that enhances plaque toxicity, setting off a damaging cycle that affects neurons, astrocytes, cerebral vasculature, and other microglia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFResearch on the Wear Suppression of Diamond Grain Enabled by Hexagonal Boron Nitride in Grinding Cast Steel.
Molecules
December 2024
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China.
Diamond grinding wheels have been widely used to remove the residual features of cast parts, such as parting lines and pouring risers. However, diamond grains are prone to chemical wear as a result of their strong interaction with ferrous metals. To mitigate this wear, this study proposes the use of a novel water-based hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) as a minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) during the grinding of cast steel and conducted the grinding experiment and molecular dynamics simulation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNd: YAP Laser in the Elimination of Endodontic Nickel-Titanium Files Fractured in Rooted Canals (Part 1: Teeth With Minimal Root Curvature).
Cureus
December 2024
Department of Dental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Liege, Liege, BEL.
Background Fracture of nickel-titanium (Ni-Ti) instruments in root canals is commonly associated with compromised outcomes in endodontic treatment. There is no single, universally accepted approach for managing this complication. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of an Nd: YAP laser-assisted protocol in removing fractured Ni-Ti files in teeth with minimal root curvature (less than 15 degrees).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComparison of the pull-out force of different microtube-based methods in fractured endodontic instrument removal: An in-vitro study.
BMC Oral Health
January 2025
Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Background: The fracture of an endodontic instrument within the root canal system can occur during root canal therapy, complicating thorough cleaning and shaping. Consequently, managing the broken fragment becomes crucial.
Methods: Eighty Nickel-titanium (NiTi) #20 K-files (Mani, Tochigi, Japan) were cut 8 mm from the tip, fixed into a corkboard, and classified into five groups (n = 14 each).
Salvage Total Hip Replacement for Failed Proximal Femoral Fracture Fixation.
Cureus
November 2024
Trauma and Orthopaedics, North Manchester General Hospital, Manchester, GBR.
Introduction: Salvage arthroplasty for failed proximal femoral fracture fixation is a complex procedure. This involves the removal of the primary failed or broken implant followed by a hip joint replacement procedure. The complications and technical difficulties associated with these surgeries are often difficult to anticipate.
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